Design And Analysis Of Wideband Microstrip Antenna Using Bowtie Patch For L-Band And C-Band Applications

Abstract

This study aims to design and implement a wideband microstrip antenna with a Sweep W Patch Defected Ground Structure (DGST) as a signal receiver in the L-Band and C-Band frequency bands. The development method used is the
ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), with a focus on the patch geometry design stage, ground structure optimization, and prototype realization. The design process was carried out using CST Studio Suite 2019 software to obtain performance parameters such as return loss, VSWR, gain, and bandwidth. The simulation results show that the Sweep W Patch DGST antenna design has performance that is close to the technical specifications, especially at frequencies of 1.14 GHz, which is close to the L-Band, 4.37 GHz, and 4.8 GHz, which is close to the C Band. The antenna prototype was then realized and tested using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA), with return loss measurements reaching –16.55 dB at a frequency of 1.218 GHz. Although there was a deviation from the simulation results, the antenna performance was still within tolerance limits and showed matching impedance characteristics. This study successfully demonstrated that optimizing the patch and ground geometry effectively improves the wideband characteristics of microstrip antennas. These results can be used as learning material in the field of radio communication and as a reference for further development of multiband antenna designs.