Journal of Public Transportation Community

Rater-Mediated Dependability in a Six-Dimension Aviation English Performance Assessment

2026-10-17T00:11:07+00:00

Rater-mediated scoring is central to performance assessment, yet high reliability alone does not show how dependable scores were produced. This study examines the quality-control architecture and documented inter-rater agreement of a locally developed Aviation English oral-aural performance assessment used with 34 fourth-semester Air Traffic Control students in Indonesian vocational higher education. The assessment represented six analytic dimensions: pronunciation, structure, vocabulary, fluency, comprehension, and interaction. Two raters coded R1 and R2 completed a six-hour calibration session on 25 June 2026 using 12 anchor recordings; the calibration ICC was .91 against a prespecified criterion of .80. Main scoring used blinded, randomized recordings, analytic descriptors, anchor-based drift checks, and an adjudication rule for material disagreement. The verified report documents 408 participant-time-dimension rating units and an overall ICC(2,1)=.982, 95% CI [.979, .985], with a mean absolute rater difference of 1.39 points on the 0-100 analysis scale. Results indicate very high pooled agreement but do not establish dimension-specific reliability, test-form equivalence, official ICAO proficiency levels, or operational licensing competence. Rater dependability in safety-sensitive language assessment is therefore an evidence chain linking construct definition, descriptors, calibration, blinded scoring, monitoring, and bounded interpretation rather than a single coefficient.

Handling Of A Hard Disk Failure On Radio Control Monitoring System (RCMS) A Of A Voice Communication Control System (VCCS) At An Air Navigation Service Provider Branch

2026-10-16T14:55:38+00:00

The Voice Communication Control System (VCCS) integrates VHF Ground-to-Air radio and Direct Speech communication for Air Traffic Controllers through a Voice Communication Unit (VCU), whose configuration and database are managed by a Radio Control Monitoring System (RCMS). At a branch of Indonesia's air navigation service provider, the VCCS uses two redundant RCMS units: RCMS A (Main) and RCMS B (Standby). RCMS A once exhibited a loudly running cooling fan and a blue-screen display, attributed to a hard disk failure that rendered the configuration data unreadable. This article documents the handling process; the root cause of the disk failure was not established. A descriptive case study was conducted through direct observation and fault tracing on the RCMS A hardware. As a temporary solution, RCMS application data were copied from RCMS B to a laptop via a LAN cross cable to maintain VCCS service while a new hard disk was procured. The hard disk was then replaced, the BIOS boot device priority reconfigured, and RCMS A reinstalled with its IP address reconfigured, restoring normal operation. This single case suggests the value of RCMS redundancy for ATC communication continuity and of preventive maintenance for early detection of hard disk failure.

Analysis of An MSSR Target Loss Caused By A Tripped Antenna-Motor Rcbo And An Open-Door Sensor Fault During A Lightning-Accompanied Storm

2026-10-16T13:29:45+00:00

The Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Radar (MSSR) enables Air Traffic Controllers (ATC) to monitor aircraft position, altitude, and identity through transponder interrogation. At a branch of Indonesia's air navigation service provider, aircraft targets disappeared from an ELDIS MSSR display during heavy rain accompanied by lightning, together with an input alarm on the ATC System's System Management Console (SMC). This article analyzes the cause and handling of the disturbance using a descriptive case study comprising field observation, inspection of Local Control and Monitoring System (LCMS) parameters, and root-cause tracing along the radar's electrical path and sensors. The target loss was attributed to a tripped Residual Current Circuit Breaker with Overcurrent Protection (RCBO) that interrupted the antenna-motor power supply, together with a bad-contact open-door sensor in the antenna shelter; lightning involvement is inferred from timing and was not verified by measurement. Cleaning the sensor and shelter, switching the RCBO back on, and restarting the radar per the service provider's Director's Decree No. KP 35 of 2019 restored stable target display. This single case suggests the importance of adequate lightning protection and grounding in radar installations and of CNS technicians' readiness for systematic electrical troubleshooting to maintain aviation surveillance reliability.

Comparative Analysis of Asterix Ads-B Cat 021 Edition 0.23 And Edition 2.1 Data On Thales Ax680 Equipment At Perum Lppnpi Airnav Denpasar Branch

2026-10-15T14:58:15+00:00

Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) transmits aircraft target data to the ATC System using the ASTERIX (All Purpose Structured Eurocontrol Surveillance Information Exchange) Category 021 format. At Perum LPPNPI AirNav Denpasar Branch, the Thales AX680 ADS-B was upgraded from ASTERIX edition 0.23 to edition 2.1; within less than a year, aircraft targets intermittently disappeared and reappeared on the ATC System display, and the configuration was reverted to edition 0.23. This descriptive case study examines the problem by comparing the Cat 021 data items of both editions, using target recordings from the Tools Recorder and WireShark, Hexadecimal-Binary-Decimal conversion, and the Eurocontrol Cat 021 specification (Part 12). Edition 2.1 contains 23 data items compared with 15 in edition 0.23, including items that carry ADS-B version and quality information defined for DO-260B/ED-102A avionics. The most plausible explanation is that targets from aircraft with older DO-260/ED-102 avionics, which cannot supply these parameters, were handled inconsistently by the ATC System under edition 2.1; reverting to edition 0.23 restored stable target detection. The study highlights the importance of understanding surveillance data formats and fleet avionics readiness before migrating to a newer data standard, and of a staged migration with documented acceptance criteria.

Gain–Temperature Relationships in Microstrip Antenna Arrays: A Scoping Review of Mechanisms, Measurement Approaches, and Evidence Gaps

2026-10-14T02:49:56+00:00

Microstrip antenna arrays are used in communication, radar, space, and heating applications, but “temperature” denotes different physical conditions. This scoping review mapped mechanisms, measurement approaches, and evidence gaps linking antenna gain and thermal behaviour, with attention to planar 2 × 4 arrays. A 366-record Scopus seed export was deduplicated and screened; nine supplied full-text reports were assessed against prespecified criteria and charted for geometry, gain or radiation metrics, power reference, thermal compartment, boundary conditions, validation, and 2 × 4 applicability. Five reports were provisionally eligible: two provided array-level gain-thermal evidence and three provided supporting material or qualification evidence. Hot-state simulation, post-exposure testing, material thermal cycling, and coupled electromagnetic-thermal modelling represented distinct pathways. No supplied eligible report directly validated a planar 2 × 4 gain-temperature relationship or populated the external-medium heating theme. The evidence indicates that gain should not be treated as a heat metric; interpretation requires matched power, exposure geometry, thermal object, and heat-transfer conditions. The review remains interim because full-text retrieval and independent dual-reviewer confirmation are incomplete.