Proceeding of International Conference of Advanced Transportation, Engineering, and Applied Social Science

ANALYSIS OF PASSENGER SATISFACTION LEVEL TOWARDS SERVICE QUALITY AT CLASS 1 KALIMARAU BERAU AIRPORT

Gilang Ramadhan — 2025-12-23

This study investigates the correlation between passenger satisfaction and service quality at Class 1 Kalimarau Airport in Berau. Using a quantitative method and questionnaire distribution to 100 respondents, data were analyzed with Spearman’s rank correlation. The results show a very strong and significant relationship between the two variables, with a correlation coefficient of 0.873. Key service factors such as empathy, responsiveness, and information accuracy play a crucial role in shaping passenger perceptions. These findings suggest that improving customer service performance can significantly enhance passenger satisfaction.

PASSENGER TERMINAL CAPACITY ANALYSIS IN 2045 AT MELAAN AIRPORT, WEST KUTAI

Bintang Cahyono — 2025-12-23

Air transportation in Indonesia plays a strategic role in strengthening inter-island connectivity, accelerating population mobility, and driving economic growth, tourism, and equitable development. As the world's largest archipelagic nation, its vast geographical distances make airplanes an effective mode of transportation for reaching remote areas. Melalan Airport, located in West Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan, is a Class III airport serving as a vital link between inland areas and growth centers such as Balikpapan. The airport serves the Melak–Balikpapan and Melak–Datah Dawai routes and is managed by the West Kutai Regency Government. Despite its important role, the airport currently only has a terminal building area of 325 m² with a capacity of 109 passengers per hour. This study aims to analyze projected passenger numbers until 2045 and calculate terminal space requirements to meet future demand. This study uses a quantitative approach with descriptive analysis and a simple linear regression model to project passenger growth. The results indicate a significant increase in passenger numbers, necessitating terminal expansion. Based on projections, the total terminal area required in 2045 is 2,454 m², with a projected peak-hour passenger count of 367. These findings indicate that the current terminal capacity is inadequate to accommodate future growth and requires infrastructure planning for further expansion.

Design of a Digital-Based Airport Terminal Facilities and Infrastructure Map to Improve Service at Adi Soemarmo Airport

Galih Nuswantara — 2025-12-23

In airport service management, passenger satisfaction is an important indicator, and one of the determining factors is
ease of access to terminal facilities and infrastructure. Currently, Adi Soemarmo Airport does not have an interactive
digital map, which makes it difficult for passengers to find facilities such as waiting rooms, toilets, and check-in
counters. This situation underscores the need for a technology-based information system to improve passenger services.
The goal of this study is to design a web-based digital map that will facilitate navigation of the terminal facilities and
improve service quality. The research method uses an R&D approach involving needs analysis, field observation,
terminal layout documentation, and expert validation. The resulting product is a digital map application with features
such as "My Location," "Select Destination," "Show Directions," and "Help." Validity test results showed scores of
80% from subject matter experts, 100% from IT experts, and 92% from airport experts, for an average accumulated
score of 90.6%. This score is categorized as feasible for use. These results confirm the high feasibility of the designed
digital map in terms of content, technology, and operations. It can be implemented as an innovation in passenger services
at Adi Soemarmo Airport.

THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA PROMOTION ON NON-AERONAUTICAL REVENUE AT MINANGKABAU PADANG INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Sekar Harum Kinanti — 2025-12-23

Social media plays a crucial role in promotional efforts to support the increase of non-aeronautical revenue,
particularly in the food and beverage sector. This study aims to examine the influence of social media promotion on
non-aeronautical revenue at Minangkabau International Airport Padang, with a specific focus on the food and beverage
sector. Data were collected using a descriptive quantitative method through questionnaires distributed to 30 respondents.
Data analysis involved several statistical tests, including validity, reliability, normality, t-test, and Spearman correlation
tests.
The results indicate a positive and significant influence, as evidenced by a t value of 11.165, which is greater
than the t table value of 2.045, and a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. Additionally, the Spearman correlation test
showed a very strong relationship between the two variables, with a correlation coefficient of 0.904. These findings
affirm that optimizing social media usage can significantly contribute to increasing non-aeronautical revenue at the
airport.
Result the study recommends a more targeted and collaborative digital promotion strategy between airport
management and tenants to maximize non-aeronautical revenue potential.

DESIGN OF A WEB-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR KOMODO AIRPORT - LABUAN BAJO

Haygia Sofia Wulandari — 2025-12-23

The increasing number of passengers at Komodo Airport – Labuan Bajo demands fast and accessible
information services. This study aims to design and develop a website-based information system to facilitate
access to airport information for passengers and staff. The research employed a Research and Development
(R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which includes analysis, design, development using WordPress CMS,
implementation, and evaluation through expert validation and user testing. The validation results showed high
feasibility, with scores of 94.67% from IT experts and 95.84% from content experts. Usability testing achieved a
score of 77.04%, indicating the system is effective and acceptable for users. The developed website provides
comprehensive content such as airport profiles, passenger guides, flight schedules, and local tourism
information, accessible across multiple devices. In conclusion, the website-based information system is valid,
feasible for implementation, and has the potential to enhance the efficiency of airport information services while
supporting the digital promotion of Labuan Bajo as a tourist destination.

THE INFLUENCE OF REWARD AND PUNISHMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF AVIATION SECURITY PERSONNEL AT EL TARI KUPANG AIRPORT

Mahatanti Muthia Devi — 2025-12-23

El Tari Kupang Airport plays a strategic role in supporting air transportation in East Nusa Tenggara. Aviation Security
personnel are expected to work optimally to ensure flight security. This study aims to analyze the influence of reward
and punishment on the performance of Aviation Security personnel at El Tari Kupang Airport. The study uses a
quantitative method with a causal associative approach. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires
distributed to 62 respondents and supported by documentation. Data analysis involved validity, reliability, normality
tests, and multiple linear regression using SPSS version 26. The results show that reward has a positive and significant
effect on personnel performance with a regression coefficient of 1.415 and a significance value of 0.000. Punishment
also shows a positive and significant effect with a coefficient of 0.888 and a significance value of 0.000. The
conclusion is that the implementation of appropriate rewards and firm punishments can improve the performance of
Aviation Security personnel.

THE EFFECT OF MONITORING THE APRON MOVEMENT CONTROL (AMC) UNIT WITH CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION (CCTV) ON ORDER IN THE APRON AREA AT THE AIRPORT MUTIARA SIS AL-JUFRI PALU

Syahrir R. Mokoginta — 2025-12-23

Supervision in the airport apron area is an important aspect in ensuring the safety and order of flight operations.
One of the supporting technologies used is Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) which functions to help the Apron
Movement Control (AMC) unit in monitoring activities on the apron. However, at Mutiara Sis Al-Jufri Palu Airport, a
number of violations of standard operating procedures (SOPs) were still found, such as personnel who did not wear
high-visibility clothing while on duty. This condition raises questions about the effectiveness of CCTV-based
surveillance. This study aims to analyze the influence of AMC supervision with CCTV on the order of the apron area.
The method used was a descriptive quantitative approach through a survey with a questionnaire instrument using the
Likert scale, which was distributed to 30 respondents consisting of AMC officers and ground handling with saturated
sampling techniques. The data was analyzed using simple linear regression through the SmartPLS 3 application. The
results showed that surveillance with CCTV had a significant effect on the order of the apron area, as shown by the path
coefficient value of 0.644, T-statistic of 9.844, and p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). These findings confirm that improving
the quality of the CCTV system, increasing monitoring coverage, and routine evaluation between units are needed to
support the creation of more effective supervision and better operational discipline.

THE INFLUENCE OF REPORT CULTURE FACILITY CARE ON ENHANCING PASSENGER SATISFACTION AT YOGYAKARTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Laras Bintang Haryaning Prabha — 2025-12-23

Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) serves as a major airport in Indonesia, handling millions of passengers annually and playing a strategic role in supporting the tourism sector and regional economy. Passenger satisfaction serves as a
critical indicator in evaluating airport performance. One of the primary factors influencing passenger satisfaction is the quality of facilities and services, where Facility Care as the party responsible for facility maintenance plays a crucial role in ensuring airport facilities are always in optimal condition. This can be prevented and minimized through real-time reporting actions and responsive measures to repair any forms of damage that are perceived as disruptive. Therefore, the author seeks to determine whether there is an influence on passenger satisfaction experienced by passengers. This research applies a quantitative descriptive approach. Data collection was conducted through observation and questionnaire distribution. The instrument used to test the hypothesis is simple linear regression analysis. Data analysis was performed using Likert scale techniques, supplemented with validity tests, reliability tests, linearity tests, and normality tests. Based on the data analysis conducted, there is a coefficient of determination indicating that the influence of facility care report culture on passenger satisfaction has a quite significant effect.

ANALYSIS OF APRON CAPACITY TO THE INCREASING NUMBER OF FLIGHTS AT AJI PANGERAN TUMENGGUNG PRANOTO AIRPORT IN SAMARINDA

Luh Gede Sri Maharani — 2025-12-23

Aji Pangeran Tumenggung Pranoto Airport is located in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, which serves as the capital of
East Kalimantan Province. In 2024, the airport recorded a total of 846,252 passengers with 8,827 flights. This increase
in flight volume has an impact on the capacity of airport facilities, particularly the apron. This study employs a
quantitative forecasting method using secondary data, namely the annual number of flights from 2020 to 2024. The
forecasting results indicate that by 2045, based on the arithmetic method, the projected number of flights will reach
26,267.5 flights. When rounded up, the total is 26,268 flights in 2045. Furthermore, the estimated requirement for
parking stands in 2045 is 23 stands, an increase of 10 stands from the current 13.

An Implementation of a Data-Driven Approach for Forecasting Narrow-Body Aircraft Scheduled Maintenance Workload at GMF Aero-Asia

Gilang Maulana Hidayatullah — 2025-12-23

High volatility in GMF Aero-Asia's narrow-body aircraft scheduled maintenance workload demands better forecasting
for more effective capacity planning and operations. Unfortunately, their management used conventional forecasting
approach that resulted in a high error rate > 50 %, making it incapable of capturing the complex and dynamic patterns
of data fluctuation. In this paper, we propose an implementation and comparison of the performance of two data-driven
models, namely ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), to forecast
the monthly scheduled maintenance workload. By leveraging the data-driven models, we can develop a more accurate
forecasting model to improve resource scheduling efficiency, reduce planning errors, and support the transformation
towards a data-driven company. For evaluation, we used the data scheduled maintenance workload at GMF Aero-Asia
from the 2020-2024 period that implemented using two-models including ARIMA and ANN then comparing it with
conventional approach. The model performance measured using key metrics indicators. The result showed that ANN
(lag=9) method proved to be best model with lowest MAPE of 29.02%, outperforming the ARIMA (1,1,1) model around
35.38%, and the conventional approach with MAPE 55.25%. This result demonstrates that the ANN is capable of
capturing non-linear patterns in the data-driven at GMF Aero-Asia, producing smoother predictions in response to
fluctuations.

ANALYSIS OF APRON MOVEMENT CONTROL (AMC) PERSONNEL SUPERVISION ON THE QUALITY OF GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT (GSE) SERVICES AT SULTAN BABULLAH AIRPORT, TERNATE

Paskalis Awunim — 2025-12-23

Effective supervision by Apron Movement Control (AMC) personnel is essential to ensure smooth and safe Ground
Support Equipment (GSE) operations at airports. At Sultan Babullah Airport, Ternate, limited AMC staffing and
improper GSE placement have led to operational inefficiencies, extended ground times, and flight delays. Referring to
SKEP 140/VI/1999, Directorate General of Civil Aviation Regulation No. 21/2015, and CASR Part 121, this study aims
to analyze the influence of AMC supervision on GSE service quality and evaluate compliance with operational
standards. A quantitative method was employed using surveys, observations, documentation, and literature review.
Questionnaires were distributed to 80 respondents, including AMC officers, ground handling staff, and airline personnel.
Data validity and reliability tests were conducted, and analysis was performed using simple linear regression and
descriptive statistics. The results show that AMC supervision has a significant and positive effect on GSE service
quality, with a determination coefficient (R2) of 0.881, correlation coefficient (r) of 0.939, and significance level (p) of
0.001. However, improvements are required in personnel discipline and GSE arrangement to optimize apron operations.
Strengthening AMC oversight is recommended to enhance ground handling efficiency and ensure on-time flight
performance.

Analysis of Priority Provincial Road Sections in East Java Province Using Analytical Hierarchy Process Based on the Provincial/District Roads Management System

Budi Witjaksana — 2025-12-23

The management of transportation infrastructure plays a vital role in supporting regional connectivity and sustainable development. However, limited government budgets often constrain the ability to maintain the entire road network, requiring a decision-making model that can objectively determine maintenance priorities. This research aims to determine the priority order of provincial road segments requiring maintenance within the UPT PJJ Malang area by integrating the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method with the Provincial/Kabupaten Roads Management System (PKRMS). The study adopts a quantitative descriptive method that combines technical data from PKRMS with expert based weighting analysis through AHP. The expected outcome is a decision-support model that can rank road segments according to their strategic, technical, and socio-economic importance. This approach not only supports transparent and efficient infrastructure management but also provides an applied learning framework for vocational engineering education, fostering smart and sustainable human resources in the field of transportation infrastructure management.

Design of Modifications to the Aircraft Cabin Baggage Measurement Goods with Fare Calculation

Yuyun Suprapto — 2025-12-23

Manual cabin baggage measurement in the aviation industry is currently time-consuming and prone to errors, often
confusing passengers regarding excess baggage fees. This study aims to design and modify an automated device to
measure the dimensions and weight of passengers' carry-on items, as well as calculate excess baggage fees in
accordance with Lion Air regulations for the Boeing 737 fleet. Using an experimental method, the device was
implemented with ultrasonic sensors for dimensions, load cells for weight, and a barcode scanner for passenger
identification. Measurement results are displayed on an LCD screen and can be printed as informative stickers. Key
findings indicate measurement accuracy of 98.48% for dimensions (error of 1.52%), 97.43% for weight (error of
2.56%), and 99.98% for fare calculation (error of 0.011%). The device is deemed suitable for use (validation 93.75%)
with minor revisions. This study is expected to significantly contribute to passenger baggage management and the
increased use of technology in the aviation sector.

PLANNING FOR THE EXPANSION OF THE APRON AT LEDE KALUMBANG AIRPORT TAMBOLAKA EAST NUSA TENGGARA

I Nyoman Agus Wima Diputra — 2025-12-23

This research examines the apron expansion planning at Lede Kalumbang Tambolaka Airport, East Nusa
Tenggara, which is crucial given the current limited airport facilities, particularly the apron and runway
capacity, leading to operational constraints and flight delays, and an inability to accommodate larger
aircraft like the Airbus 320. Therefore, the apron expansion from 268 x 95 m² to 268 x 108 m² and the addition
of one parking stand are urgently needed to increase capacity, meet safety standards, and support regional
and tourism development. The main objectives of this study are to design the flexible pavement structure
thickness for the apron for the critical A320 aircraft using FAARFIELD software, calculate the Pavement
Classification Number (PCN) using the COMFAA application, and determine the estimated budget (RAB)
required. The methodology involves problem identification, data collection, subgrade strength analysis,
apron dimension calculation, pavement thickness calculation, and PCN determination with the aid of
advanced software such as FAARFIELD and COMFAA. The results of this research are expected to provide
an optimal apron pavement thickness design, an accurate PCN value, and a comprehensive cost estimation.
The contributions of this final project include increased knowledge in using FAARFIELD and COMFAA
applications, the final result of the RAB is based on the HSPK Analysis of Southwest Sumba, East Nusa
Tenggara and PM 78 of 2014. The total RAB for the expansion was Rp1.654.100.000,00 (One Billion Six
Hundred Fifty Four Million One Hundred Thousand Rupiah).

Minimum Service Standards (SPS) Implementation on the Passenger Ship KMP. DHARMA KENCANAI Ketapang- Gilimanuk Route

Amayulya Pertiwi — 2025-12-23

The ferry transport sector is the backbone of connectivity in Indonesia, yet the implementation of Minimum Service Standards (SPM) (Permenhub No. 62/2019) often faces significant challenges related to limited human resources and
inadequate facilities. This study focuses on KMP Dharma Kencana I, operating on the high-intensity Ketapang Gilimanuk route, which anecdotally demonstrates success in maintaining service standards. This research aims to analyze the level of SPM achievement (specifically safety, comfort, and assurance aspects) and to identify the central role of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and Human Resources (HR) Commitment in supporting this successful implementation. The study adopts a descriptive qualitative approach using data triangulation from field observations, document analysis (SOP, Ro-Ro Passenger Ship Safety Certificate/SKKP), and in-depth interviews. KMP Dharma Kencana I was found to achieve an optimal and exceeding standard level of MSS compliance (e.g., life-saving appliance capacity). This success is driven by the availability of clear and detailed SOP that serve as mandatory operational guides, and a strong synergy between HR Commitment (via routine refreshment training) and Proactive
Management (via internal control systems and immediate corrective action) in enforcing the SOP. The effective SPM
implementation on KMP Dharma Kencana I proves that an organizational culture integrating transparent procedures,
well-trained personnel, and proactive managerial oversight is the key to overcoming common challenges in the ferry
sector. The findings provide a best-practice model for other operators and evidence-based input for policymakers in
supporting the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) related to resilient infrastructure and reliable
mobility.

THE EFFECT OF AVIOBRIDGE MAINTENANCE ON PASSENGER COMFORT AT TJILIK RIWUT AIRPORT PALANGKA RAYA

Anggi Meiristya Solikhah — 2025-12-23

Tjilik Riwut Airport Palangka Raya serves over 726,000 passengers in 2024, with the aviobridge as a key facility
affecting passenger comfort. Due to aging, the aviobridge shows damage such as faulty sensors, poor air conditioning,
and peeling floors. This study aims to analyze the effect of aviobridge maintenance on passenger comfort. Using a
quantitative descriptive method, data were collected through observation, literature study, and questionnaires from 65
respondents. Analysis included validity, reliability, normality, linearity, regression, and t-tests. The regression result
(Y = 3.499 + 0.897X) shows a significant positive effect, meaning better maintenance improves comfort.The study
recommends enhancing preventive and corrective maintenance to support service quality at the airport.

THE INFLUENCE OF MANUAL CHECK-IN ON PASSENGER QUEUE EFFECTIVENESS AT THE DEPARTURE TERMINAL OF TJILIK RIWUT AIRPORT PALANGKA RAYA

Ardiansyah Imansyah Qolby — 2025-12-23

This study aims to analyze the influence of manual check-in on the effectiveness of passenger queues at the Departure Terminal of Tjilik Riwut Airport in Palangka Raya, as well as to identify efforts to adjust queue duration in accordance with service standards. A quantitative approach was used, with data collected through questionnaires, observations, and field data. The statistical test results show that manual check-in has a significant effect on queue effectiveness, as indicated by a t-value of 16.521, which is greater than the t-table value of 2.02, and a significance level of 0.000, which is far below the threshold of 0.05. This means the influence is statistically proven. According to the Ministry of Transportation Regulation No. PM 178 of 2015, the maximum queue duration is 30 minutes, and the maximum service time per passenger is 2 minutes 30 seconds. However, field observations show these limits are often exceeded. Recommended improvements include adding check-in counters, adjusting staff allocation, queue system management, and providing self check-in services.

The Influence of Aviation Security Performance on Flight Security at Sultan Babullah Airport, Ternate

Damara Zerlina Putri Elysia — 2025-12-23

This study aims to determine the influence of Aviation Security (Avsec) performance on flight security at Sultan Babullah Airport
in Ternate. The research background is based on the critical role of Avsec in maintaining a reliable airport security system,
considering the high risk of security threats that can endanger aviation safety. Internal factors such as licensing, human factors, and
the effectiveness of security inspection equipment are the main focus in assessing Avsec performance. This study uses a quantitative
descriptive research method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 42 Avsec officers as a sample out of a total
population of 72, using purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using validity tests, reliability tests, correlation analysis, simple
linear regression, and t-tests with the aid of SPSS software. The results showed that Avsec performance has a significant effect on
aviation security. The coefficient of determination indicates that Avsec performance contributes 72.1% to the level of flight security
at Sultan Babullah Airport. These findings emphasize the importance of improving officer competence, compliance with SOPs, and
the availability of adequate security equipment as part of strategies to enhance flight security.

The Influence of Weather Factors on Flight Punctuality at Sultan Babullah Airport, Ternate

Bintang Rika W. Rika W. — 2025-12-23

This study aims to determine the extent to which weather conditions affect flight punctuality at Sultan Babullah Airport
in Ternate. Punctuality serves as a key indicator of service quality and operational performance for both airports and
airlines. Adverse weather factors such as heavy rain, strong winds, and low visibility often lead to delays. The research
employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method, involving 71 respondents from airlines, BMKG,
and airport staff. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression. The results revealed that weather particularly wind
speed and rainfall has a significant impact on delays. The study recommends enhancing inter-unit coordination, utilizing
more accurate weather data, and implementing extreme weather mitigation strategies to support smoother flight
operations.

ANALYSIS OF SUPPORTING FACILITIES FOR PASSENGERS WITH DISABILITIES AND THE ELDERLY TO IMPROVE SERVICES AT THE AJI PANGERAN TUMENGGUNG PRANOTO AIRPORT SAMARINDA

Tjokorda Darma Putra Ananda K. — 2025-12-23

Aji Pangeran Tumenggung Pranoto Samarinda Airport, located in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, provides
facilities such as wheelchairs, guiding blocks, special toilets, priority seats, elevators, and staff assistance
for passengers with disabilities and the elderly. Services include guidance from terminal arrival, check-in,
to boarding, aiming to meet passenger needs and ensure travel comfort. This study aims to identify
challenges and strategies to improve such services.Using qualitative methods, data were collected through
observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review. The focus was on facilities for passengers
with disabilities and the elderly, involving the head of service and cooperation, the information management
coordinator, and information officers.Findings revealed several issues: damaged guiding blocks, inactive
arrival lifts, ramps not meeting slope standards, lack of designated parking, limited wheelchairs, and staff
lacking sign language skills. Strategies include improving and maintaining facilities, training staff in sign
language, and conducting regular monitoring and evaluation to ensure service quality.

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF RIGID PAVEMENT SURFACE LEVEL HELIPORT AT SYUKURAN AMINUDDIN AMIR AIRPOT, LUWUK SULAWESI TENGAH

Ni Made Ayu Nanda Kartika Putri — 2025-12-23

The development of air transportation infrastructure plays a crucial role in enhancing mobility and regional
connectivity, especially in remote areas such as Luwuk, Central Sulawesi. One of the essential facilities that require
attention is the helipad or heliport, particularly for supporting emergency operations, logistics, and rapid accessibility.
This study focuses on the structural planning of a rigid pavement surface-level heliport at Syukuran Aminuddin Amir
Airport, aiming to contribute to airport infrastructure development that complies with technical and safety standards.
The scientific objective of this research is to design a rigid pavement structure capable of withstanding helicopter loads
in accordance with FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) and relevant Indonesian National Standards (SNI), using
accurate and efficient design approaches. The methodology integrates traditional design methods (manual analysis
based on SNI) with modern approaches involving structural analysis software to achieve more precise results. The
findings indicate that the designed rigid pavement structure meets the required strength, durability, and costeffectiveness criteria. The results indicate that the designed pavement structure meets strength, durability, and costefficiency criteria, with a surface layer thickness of 12.7 cm and a subbase layer thickness of 15.24 cm. The heliport’s
Pavement Classification Number (PCN) is 9.4, while the helicopter EC 725 has a Classification Number (ACN) of 8.9, with a maximum weight of 26,299 pounds. The planned heliport dimensions are 42 m x 42 m x 0.2794 m for the surface volume and 30 m x 30 m for the marking width. The estimated design cost is IDR 2.590.000.000,00. The key contribution of this research is the development of a technically and economically feasible heliport design, which can serve as a
reference for similar future developments across Indonesia.

The Effect Of Implementing Expected Approach Time On Smooth Air Traffic Flow At International Airports Syamsudin Noor Banjarmasin, Indonesia

Dimas Arya Soedyfa Fridyatama — 2025-12-23

This study aims to analyze the effect of implementing the Expected Approach Time (EAT) on air traffic
smoothness at Syamsudin Noor International Airport, Banjarmasin. The research background stems from the
continued occurrence of airborne holding and go-arounds due to the suboptimal application of EAT by ATC.
This study employs a quantitative approach with an associative design. Data were collected through
observation, questionnaires, documentation, and literature review, involving 20 ATC personnel from the APP
unit of Perum LPPNPI Banjarmasin Branch as respondents. The research instrument was tested for validity
and reliability, and the data were analyzed using simple linear regression, t-test, Pearson correlation, and
coefficient of determination (R2). The results show a significant t-value (Sig. < 0.05), with a correlation
coefficient of 0.878, indicating a very strong relationship between EAT implementation and air traffic
smoothness. The coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.771 indicates that 77.1% of the variation in air
traffic smoothness can be explained by EAT implementation, while the remaining 22.9% is influenced by
other factors outside this study. It is concluded that optimal EAT implementation has a positive and significant
effect on improving air traffic smoothness, reducing holding time, minimizing delays, and enhancing the
efficiency of airspace utilization.

THE INFLUENCE OF BRAND AND COMPANY CHARACTERISTICS ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY: A CASE STUDY OF LION AIR AT YOGYAKARTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Abi Ista Khalfani Khansa — 2025-12-23

The rapid advancement of technology and the growing demand for mobility have driven the air transportation industry
to continuously innovate in order to maintain market presence and customer loyalty. As one of the airlines operating at
Yogyakarta International Airport, Lion Air faces challenges in sustaining brand reputation and customer trust. This
study examines the relationship between brand characteristics and company characteristics on customer loyalty among
Lion Air passengers. A quantitative approach with a descriptive-evaluative method was employed, involving 50
respondents who had traveled on the Yogyakarta–Medan route and vice versa. Data were collected via questionnaires
developed from established indicators of brand characteristics, company characteristics, and customer loyalty. Statistical
analysis using multiple linear regression revealed that both brand characteristics (β = 0.514, p = 0.001) and company
characteristics (β = 0.473, p = 0.000) have significant positive relationships with customer loyalty, jointly explaining
79% of its variance. The findings suggest that consistent improvements in brand and company attributes can strengthen
long-term customer loyalty in the airline industry.

PROJECTED NUMBER OF PASSENGERS IN THE NEXT 15 YEARS FOR THE INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CHECK-IN COUNTERS AT TJILIK RIWUT AIRPORT, PALANGKA RAYA

Septian Alvin Andrianto — 2025-12-23

Tjilik Riwut Airport as the primary air transportation gateway in Central Kalimantan, has experienced significant
passenger growth, increasing from 828,748 passengers in early 2025 to a projected 2,156,522 passengers by 2039. This
study aims to analyze passenger growth trends and evaluate the necessity for additional check-in counters over the next
15 years. A quantitative approach was employed using simple linear regression analysis on historical data from 2020 to
2024, combined with facility demand modeling based on the technical guidelines of SKEP/77/VI/2005 and the minimum
service standards stipulated in PM 41 of 2023. The findings indicate that the current capacity of 20 check-in counters
will be insufficient to accommodate the anticipated passenger growth. Specifically, the projected demand includes 14
counters for Lion Group, 7 for Garuda Indonesia, 8 for Citilink, and 1 for pioneer (pioneer) flights. This highlights that
the existing facilities are inadequate to support the future increase in passenger traffic. Therefore, expanding the check
in counter facilities, alongside implementing alternative service strategies such as self-check-in kiosks, queue line
management systems, and terminal space optimization, is a strategic necessity. This research is expected to serve as a
foundation for sustainable terminal facility development planning to ensure efficient, safe, and high-quality airport
services.

THE EFFECT OF DOMESTIC DEPARTURE LOUNGE FACILITIES ON PASSENGER SATISFACTION USING THE CUSTOMER SATISFACTION INDEX METHOD AND IMPORTANCE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AT YOGYAKARTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Zahrah Nuurul Arikah — 2025-12-23

Yogyakarta International Airport, located in Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region, has domestic and international departure lounges. The domestic lounge facilities are quite good, but are still considered less than optimal, especially during peak passenger hours. This study used quantitative research with observations, questionnaires with 99
respondents, and literature studies to identify service improvement priorities. Analysis using SPSS version 29.0 and Microsoft Excel with the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) methods. The results of the study on the level of passenger satisfaction reached 90.46% (very satisfied), but the results of the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) showed four priority aspects of improvement: seating conditions, toilet cleanliness, free internet speed, and clarity and availability of signage and signs in the domestic waiting room.

Design Planning of Ground Run-Up Enclosure Using SketchUp Application at El Tari Airport Kupang

Ida Bagus Gede Jayantika Manuaba — 2025-12-23

Engine ground run-up activities are a critical component of aircraft maintenance, ensuring engine reliability before
returning to operation. However, conducting these procedures in non-designated areas such as runways can pose safety
risks and disrupt airport operations. El Tari Airport in Kupang, a hub for ATR 72-600 aircraft maintenance, currently
lacks a dedicated facility for this purpose, resulting in run-up operations being conducted on Runway 08 outside regular
hours. This condition highlights the need for a planned Ground Run-Up Enclosure (GRE) to enhance safety and
operational efficiency.
This study adopts a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design,
Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The design was developed using SketchUp to produce a realistic threedimensional visual representation. Data collection involved direct observation and in-depth interviews with Apron
Movement Control (AMC) personnel at El Tari Airport, alongside technical and operational analysis. The evaluation
phase assessed the effectiveness of the design in supporting safe and efficient engine ground run-up procedures.
The results indicate that the proposed GRE design, covering 3,300 m² and featuring an 8-meter-high, 50-meter-long
blast deflector, can safely accommodate ATR 72-600 aircraft. The structure effectively mitigates propeller wash and
reduces the risk of foreign object debris (FOD). Expert feedback confirms that the design enhances safety, improves
technician workflow, and supports smoother airside operations. This research is expected to serve as a reference for
developing aviation safety support facilities at airports across Indonesia, particularly in the eastern region.

THE INFLUENCE OF PASSENGER ATTITUDE, KNOWLEDGE, AND SAFETY AWARENESS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INSPECTIONS AT PASSANGER SECURITY CHECKPOINTS

Jonathan Sergio Hehanussa — 2025-12-23

General Ahmad Yani Airport in Semarang is one of the air transportation infrastructures that plays a vital role in supporting regional connectivity and economic growth in Central Java, so the effectiveness and efficiency of security checks at the Passenger Security Check Point (PSCP) are crucial aspects. This study aims to analyze the influence of passenger safety awareness, which includes attitude, knowledge, and awareness, on the length of check time at the PSCP. The research method uses a descriptive quantitative approach with data collection techniques through observation and distribution of questionnaires to 44 respondents selected using a random sampling method. The results of the study indicate a positive and significant influence of safety awareness on check time with a correlation value of 0.918 (sig. 0.000). A simple linear regression test proves that attitude, knowledge, and awareness have a significant influence, with awareness being the most dominant variable that speeds up the check process. These findings confirm that increasing passenger safety awareness can minimize queues, speed up the check process, and support the smooth operation of security at General Ahmad Yani Airport in Semarang.

ANALYSIS OF DATA ACCESS USING LOOKER STUDIO-BASED E-REPORT FOR PROHIBITED ITEMS RECONCILIATION AT HBSCP IN KALIMARAU AIRPORT

Felicia Winy Juventa — 2025-12-23

Aviation security is a crucial aspect of airport operations that requires proper recording and reporting systems according
to established procedures. The Airport Management Unit (UPBU) Class I Kalimarau with Security System Category E
faces challenges in the prohibited items reconciliation process that is still conducted manually at the Hold Baggage
Security Check Point (HBSCP). This research aims to design a Looker Studio-based e-report for prohibited items
reconciliation, understand the working mechanism of the e-report system, and determine its capability in addressing
recording and reporting issues in reconciliation data. This study employs Research and Development (R&D)
methodology with the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The
system was developed utilizing Google Sheets as the database and Looker Studio as the data visualization and analysis
tool to facilitate coordination among AVSEC personnel, airline staff, and customer service. The evaluation results
demonstrate that the system is highly suitable for implementation, with expert validation from subject matter experts
and design/IT experts achieving an average percentage of 91.7%, while usability testing from users obtained a
percentage of 95.27%, both categorized as "very worthy". This e-report system has proven capable of providing
solutions for recording and reporting issues in prohibited items reconciliation, improving airport operations, aviation
safety, and better archive management at Kalimarau Airport.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL PHRASEOLOGY HANDBOOK TO IMPROVE AVIATION COMMUNICATION EFFECTIVENESS FOR CADETS AVIATION POLYTECHNIC OF SURABAYA

Meita Maharani Sukma — 2025-12-23

Aviation safety relies heavily on effective communication between Air Traffic Controllers (ATC) and pilots.
Standardized phraseology established by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is essential in this
context. However, many cadets of the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic still face difficulties in applying ATC
phraseology consistently, which may reduce communication effectiveness. This research aimed to develop an
ATC phraseology guidebook as a structured learning tool to enhance cadets’ communication skills. The study
applied a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the 4D model: Define, Design, Develop, and
Disseminate. Due to time and resource limitations, the process was conducted only up to the Develop stage. In
the Define stage, needs analysis was carried out through observation and interviews. The Design stage resulted in
a draft guidebook based on ICAO Doc 4444 and cadets’ needs. The Develop stage included expert validation and
limited trials. Findings showed that the guidebook met feasibility standards in content, language, and presentation.
Expert reviews confirmed its quality, and trial results indicated improvements in cadets’ understanding and use
of ATC phraseology. Although dissemination was not completed, the product proved beneficial for supporting
aviation communication effectiveness at the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic.

THE EFFECT OF PASSENGER UNDERSTANDING OF THE BODY SCANNER INSPECTION PROCEDURE ON THE SMOOTH INSPECTION AT THE PASSENGER SECURITY CHECK POINT AT DJALALUDDIN GORONTALO AIRPORT

Jimmy Ryan Sumartono — 2025-12-23

This study aims to analyze the influence of passenger understanding of Body
Scanner procedures on the inspection process efficiency at PSCP Djalaluddin
Airport Gorontalo. Using a quantitative method and questionnaires, the results
show a correlation coefficient of 0.925 and an R Square of 0.855, indicating a very
strong influence of passenger understanding on the smoothness of the security
screening process. These findings highlight the importance of educating passengers
to enhance security screening effectiveness.

STRESS MANAGEMENT EVALUATION OF DIPLOMA 3 AIR TRAFFIC CADETS IN AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SIMULATION AT SURABAYA AVIATION POLYTECHNIC

Aisya Nurjanah — 2025-12-23

The Air Traffic Controller (ATC) profession is known for its high-stress
environment due to the demands of making quick and accurate decisions under
pressure. Diploma 3 Air Traffic Management students at Politeknik Penerbangan
Surabaya, although still in training, experience similar conditions during complex
and high-pressure ATC simulations. Poorly managed stress can affect
concentration, decision-making, and overall learning effectiveness. Therefore, this
study aims to evaluate the stress management of students during ATC simulations
and provide recommendations for improving the training program.
This study employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through
observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The research subjects
were active students participating in ATC simulations, while the research objects
included stress symptoms, coping strategies used, and the effectiveness of stress
management. Data analysis followed the stages of reduction, presentation, and
conclusion drawing, with source and method triangulation to ensure data validity.
The findings indicate that the primary sources of stress are time pressure, air traffic
complexity, and fear of making mistakes in front of instructors. Students employed
stress management strategies such as deep breathing techniques, positive
affirmations, short breaks, and seeking support from instructors and peers.
However, stress management was not yet optimal under high-pressure simulation
conditions. It is recommended to integrate systematic stress management training
and gradually increase simulation scenario difficulty to strengthen students’ mental
readiness.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF AIRPORT SECURITY PERSONNEL IN INSPECTING GOODS USING X- RAY BAGGAGE AT HANG NADIM AIRPORT BATAM

Clarisa Cornelisia Vanka Suparno — 2025-12-23

Checking goods using X-Ray machines is an important procedure to maintain flight safety at airports, including at
Batam Hang Nadim Airport. The role of Airport Security personnel is very influential in ensuring that passengers'
luggage is safe and in accordance with the regulations, so an analysis is needed related to the effectiveness of personnel
performance in the implementation of goods checks using X-Ray machines. This study uses a qualitative descriptive
method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The observation was
carried out from February 17 to February 28, 2025 with the aim of obtaining a clear picture of the implementation of
Airport Security duties in inspecting goods using X-Ray machines, the level of compliance with Standard Operating
Procedures (SOP), and problems faced during the inspection process. The results of the study showed that Airport
Security personnel in general have carried out their duties well in operating X-Ray machines and detecting suspicious
items quickly. However, problems were still found related to the lack of focus of personnel during inspections due to
human distraction and response to disturbances that were not optimal. The implementation of a work rotation system,
discipline supervision, and routine training are steps taken to overcome these problems. With these efforts, it is hoped
that the performance of Airport Security personnel will increase and be in accordance with applicable aviation security standards.

The Influence of Slot Time on PJP4U (Aircraft Landing, Placement, and Storage Services) Revenue at Radin Inten II Airport Lampung

Muhammad Zidane Tanjung — 2025-12-23

Following the COVID-19 pandemic, aircraft movements at Radin Inten II Airport Lampung have shown a consistent upward trend from year to year. However, the actual revenue from Aircraft Landing, Placement, and Parking Services (PJP4U) has not yet met the annual targets that set in the Work Plan and Budget (RKA). This condition underlines the implementation of this study, which aims to analyze the influence of slot time on PJP4U revenue. The results indicate that the average daily slot usage in 2024 was 68,62% with an average daily PJP4U revenue Rp 4.085.415,30. The Spearman correlation test yielded a coefficient value of 0,734 with a significance level of 0,000 < 0,05, indicating a strong and significant relationship between n slot usage and PJP4U revenue. The simple linear regression test produced
the equation Y = 1539528,665 + 37098,557X, meaning that every 1% increase in slot usage, the PJP4U revenue is estimated to increase by Rp 37.098,557. The coefficient of determination (R2) was 0,472 indicating that 47,2% of the variation in PJP4U revenue can be explained by slot usage. These results, highlight the importance of improving slot time management as a strategic to enhanced the aeronautical revenue and operational efficiency at airports.

The Dynamics of Dirty Dozen Human Errors in ATC Training Simulations Under Unusual Conditions

Dimas Arya Soeadyfa Fridyatama — 2025-12-23

This study investigates the dynamics of Dirty Dozen human error factors within Air Traffic Control (ATC) training
simulations conducted under unusual conditions such as emergencies, urgency events, and communication failures.
Using a Grounded Theory approach, data were collected from 13 cadets of the Aerodrome Control Tower program at
the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and supporting
documentation. The analysis employed open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, leading to the construction of
a conceptual model that explains the emergence and interaction of Dirty Dozen factors. Findings reveal that these
factors often arise simultaneously and reinforce one another, primarily triggered by operational pressure, limited
resources, and insufficient preparedness in non-technical skills. Contextual elements within the learning
environment—such as informal norms and technical limitations of the simulator—also intensified the occurrence of
errors. Despite these challenges, cadets demonstrated adaptive strategies including communication adjustments,
teamwork improvisation, and stress management techniques. The study highlights the systemic and dynamic nature of
Dirty Dozen factors and underscores the need to integrate non-technical skill development into ATC training
programs to strengthen human error mitigation from the early stages of professional education.

ANALYSIS OF APRON MOVEMENT CONTROL (AMC) OFFICER PERFORMANCE IN SUPERVISING THE OPERATIONAL USE OF GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT (GSE) AT KALIMARAU AIRPORT, BERAU

Slamet Hariyadi — 2025-12-23

This page contains the abstract of a Final Project report discussing the performance analysis of Apron
Movement Control (AMC) officers in supervising the operational use of Ground Support Equipment (GSE)
at Kalimarau Airport, Berau. The background of this research highlights the importance of effective
supervision on the airside to ensure safety and orderly airport operations. The objective of this study is to
evaluate the role and effectiveness of AMC officers' supervision and to identify the factors that hinder its
implementation.
This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques including
direct observation, interviews with AMC officers and GSE operators, as well as documentation of field
conditions. The results indicate that the current supervision is still conducted manually and has not been fully
effective due to limited facilities, suboptimal shift distribution during peak hours, the absence of monitoring
technologies such as CCTV, and the lack of discipline among ground handling personnel.
This study concludes that improvements in technology, shift management evaluation, and
educational approaches are necessary to enhance the performance and effectiveness of apron operational
supervision.

Mental Workload Assessment of Aviation Security Personnel Using NASA-TLX Method at Djalaluddin Gorontalo Airport

Lusiana Dewi Kusumayati — 2025-12-23

Aviation safety and security are vital aspects of airport operations, with Aviation Security (AVSEC) personnel serving
as the frontline protectors. High mental workload, particularly among Junior and Senior license levels, can affect
performance and psychological stability. This study aims to assess mental workload levels based on AVSEC license
classification and propose strategies for mitigation.
A descriptive quantitative approach was applied using the NASA-TLX method, which evaluates six dimensions: Mental
Demand, Physical Demand, Temporal Demand, Performance, Effort, and Frustration. Questionnaires were distributed
to 69 AVSEC personnel at Djalaluddin Gorontalo Airport, categorized into Basic, Junior, and Senior license levels.
Raw average scores were calculated and compared across groups.
Results showed that Basic personnel scored 42.05 (moderate), while Junior and Senior scored 88 and 84 respectively
(very high). Junior personnel were most burdened by Physical Demand and Effort, while Senior personnel experienced
higher Mental and Temporal Demands. Recommended strategies include promoting qualified Basic staff, implementing
20/40-minute X-ray operator rotations, stress management training, and regular evaluations using NASA-TLX.

The Influence of Training and Supervision of AMC Unit on the Performance of Ground Support Equipment Personnel at Hang Nadim Airport Batam

Muhammad Chesa Ramadhan — 2025-12-23

Abstract
Training and supervision of the Apron Movement Control (AMC) unit play a crucial role in ensuring
smooth and safe airside operations. At Hang Nadim Airport Batam, however, violations and complaints
are still observed, indicating that AMC’s training and supervision efforts have not been fully effective.
This research analyzes the influence of training and supervision on the performance of Ground Support
Equipment (GSE) personnel. The study employed a quantitative method using primary data from
questionnaires distributed to 36 respondents, determined with the Slovin formula. Data were analyzed
using multiple linear regression. The results show that training contributes 39.2% to performance
improvement, while supervision contributes 34.4%. Together, both variables explain 70% of
performance variation, with 30% influenced by other factors. The simultaneous F-test results confirm
that training and supervision significantly affect GSE performance. This study concludes that AMC’s
training and supervision are essential in improving personnel performance at Hang Nadim Airport
Batam.

INFLUENCE OF AVIATION SECURITY SERVICES AT SECURITY CHECK POINT 1 AGAINST FLIGHT SAFETY AT HALU OLEO AIRPORT KENDARI

Hartono — 2025-12-23

This study aims to determine the influence of Aviation Security (AVSEC) personnel services at
Security Check Point 1 (SCP 1) on flight safety at Halu Oleo Kendari Airport. This study uses an
associative quantitative approach with a questionnaire as an instrument and involves 44
respondents. The data were analyzed using validity, reliability, and simple linear regression tests.
The results indicate that AVSEC personnel services significantly influence aviation security with
a significance value of 0.00 < 0.05. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.781 shows that
78.1% of aviation security is influenced by AVSEC services, with the regression equation Y =
12.885 + 0.684X.

THE EFFECT OF AIRPORT PERSONNEL'S KNOWLEDGE OF EMERGENCY FACILITIES ON THE SAFETY OF TERMINAL BUILDING OCCUPANTS AT UPBU CLASS II SULTAN BABULLAH TERNATE

Siti Fatimah — 2025-12-23

The safety of terminal building occupants is a critical aspect of airport operations,
especially in disaster-prone areas such as Ternate. This study aims to determine the influence
of airport personnel's knowledge of emergency facilities on the safety of terminal occupants at
UPBU Class II Sultan Babullah Ternate.
Using a quantitative approach and descriptive-associative method, data were collected
through questionnaires distributed to 46 operational personnel. The Spearman Rank correlation
test showed a significant relationship (r = 0.344; sig. = 0.000), while the simple linear
regression analysis indicated that personnel knowledge accounted for 11.2% of the variance in
occupant safety.
Findings reveal limited technical understanding among personnel and weak coordination
during emergency situations. Therefore, enhancing practical training and strengthening
internal coordination systems are essential to support risk mitigation efforts within the airport
terminal environment.

ANALYSIS OF THE COMPLEXITY OF THE SECURITY SYSTEM AT HANG NADIM INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT IN BATAM IN MANAGING THREATS FROM DANGEROUS GOODS USING A THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL APPROACH

Dandy Auzan Firdaus — 2025-12-23

Airport security systems play an important role in preventing potential threats, particularly those
involving dangerous goods that could compromise flight safety. Hang Nadim Batam International Airport is
one of the national vital objects facing challenges in managing dangerous goods carried intentionally or
unintentionally by passengers. This study aims to analyze the complexity of the security system in managing
these threats using relevant theoretical and empirical approaches.
The study examines national policies, particularly Minister of Transportation Decision No. KM 39
of 2024,]as a reference for managing dangerous goods in the airport environment. The empirical approach
was conducted through direct observation, interviews with security personnel, and analysis of field findings
related to hazardous materials at various checkpoints such as PSCP, HBSCP, and cargo areas. This study
uses a theoretical and empirical approach as the analytical framework.
The results of the study indicate that the security system at Hang Nadim Airport is complex and
adaptive. This is reflected in the high number of hazardous materials found and the mitigation procedures
implemented. The system is in line with the provisions of KM 39 of 2024, although there are still challenges
in terms of technical aspects and human resources. These findings confirm the hypothesis that the security
system implemented is comprehensive and responsive to the dynamics of threats.

OPTIMIZATION OF AIRPORT PERSONNEL INSPECTION AT THE MAIN GATE FOR AIRSIDE SECURITY AT HANG NADIM AIRPORT BATAM

Nazwa Putri Rahmawati — 2025-12-23

Airsides are critical areas within airports that require strict access control, particularly for personnel and
vehicles entering through the Main Gate. This study aims to assess the current performance of Aviation Security
(AVSEC) personnel in conducting screening procedures at the Main Gate of Hang Nadim International Airport and to
formulate strategies to optimize these procedures to enhance airside security.
The research addresses two main problems: how AVSEC personnel currently perform screening at the Main
Gate, and what efforts can be taken to improve and optimize these screening practices. The research uses a qualitative
descriptive method with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, documentation, and expert
validation.
The results show that the screening process is not yet optimal. AVSEC personnel were observed using mobile
phones while on duty, inspections of goods were mostly visual due to the unavailability of X-ray and WTMD equipment,
and there is no integrated digital recording system nor strict limitations regarding who may access the airside area. These
issues create potential security vulnerabilities that could be exploited by unauthorized parties. Therefore, it is necessary
to enhance inspection facilities, and implement routine evaluations of personnel discipline to ensure more effective
airside security at Hang Nadim International Airport.

The Influence of Working Hours Duration on the Fatigue Level of ATC Personnel in the Approach Control Procedural Unit in Banjarmasin, Indonesia

Mohammad Jezhan Syailendra Putra — 2025-12-23

This article analyzed the effect of working hours on the fatigue level of Air Traffic Controller (ATC) personnel in the
Approach Control Procedural unit at Syamsudin Noor International Airport, Banjarmasin. The research's background
highlights the vital role of ATC in ensuring flight safety, where long working hours can lead to fatigue, decreased
alertness, and circadian rhythm disturbances, ultimately increasing the risk of incidents. Therefore, this study aimed to
measure the impact of working hours on fatigue and identify related factors. The research used a descriptive quantitative
approach. A total of 20 ATC personnel were selected as the sample using a census sampling technique. Primary data
was collected through questionnaires with a Likert scale and then analyzed using SPSS to test for validity, reliability,
normality, simple linear regression, Pearson's correlation, and a T-test. The results show a significant and positive effect
of working hours on the fatigue level of ATC personnel. The simple linear regression analysis yielded a regression
coefficient of 0.864 with a significance value of 0.002 (p < 0.05), indicating that an increase in working hours
significantly raises fatigue levels

INFLUENCE APRON MOVEMENT CONTROL (AMC) SUPERVISION OF GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT (GSE) ORDER IN THE AIRSIDE AREA OF ADI SOEMARMO BOYOLALI AIRPORT

Qorry Khurul Aini — 2025-12-23

During the author's observations at Adi Soemarmo Airport in Boyolali, he frequently
encountered disorderly ground support equipment (GSE). This was due to a lack of Apron
Movement Control (AMC) oversight. Therefore, research is needed into the behavior of ground
support equipment (GSE) that frequently commits violations in the apron area. The research
methodology used is quantitative, which describes the current situation at the research site.
Data were obtained through direct observation, literature review, and questionnaires
distributed to Apron Movement Control (AMC) and ground handling personnel, with a sample
size of 36. Data analysis used validity tests, reliability tests, and simple linear regression. The
results of this study indicate that supervision by Apron Movement Control (AMC) at Adi
Soemarmo Airport, Boyolali, still needs to be improved to achieve optimal orderliness in the
operation of Ground Support Equipment (GSE) in the airside area.

REDESIGN OF DRAINAGE CHANNELS ON THE RUNWAY STRIP AT ATUNG BUNGSU AIRPORT, PAGAR ALAM

Samuel Bima Aditya — 2025-12-23

Atung Bungsu Airport has experienced an increase in water discharge in the runway-side drainage channel due to
changes in the catchment area from the runway extension project. The airport is also classified as category 3C according
to PR 21 of 2023, which requires a runway strip width of 140 meters on each side, thus necessitating the redesign of the
drainage system outside the runway strip. This study aims to evaluate the capacity of the existing channel and redesign
the drainage dimensions for the next 10 years. The methods used include rainfall data analysis with the Log Pearson III
distribution, rainfall intensity calculation, and maximum runoff discharge determination. The results show that the
projected runoff discharge for the next 10 years exceeds the capacity of the existing channel. Therefore, a redesigned
drainage channel using precast concrete in the form of a u-ditch with dimensions of 1 meter in width and 1 meter in
height is proposed.

PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION PLANNING OF ACCESS ROAD AT JENDERAL AHMAD YANI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT SEMARANG

Achmad Rafi Aditya — 2025-12-23

Jenderal Ahmad Yani International Airport is an airport located in Semarang, Central Java Province. The airport requires adequate access road infrastructure to support the operational performance of the Airport Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) unit in emergency situations. Currently, the airport does not yet have a proper access road that meets aviation safety standards, which may hinder emergency response. Therefore, further planning is needed in the form of access road construction to improve response effectiveness and ensure flight safety. This study aims to determine the design and cost requirements for the ARFF access road at Jenderal Ahmad Yani International Airport. This study uses a quantitative method with a civil engineering planning approach, applying the 1987 Bina Marga Component Analysis Method. In this study, several stages were carried out. The stages include field measurement, documentation, literature review, pavement design based on SKEP/347/XII/1999, and calculating the Draft Budget Cost for the access road construction. The results of this study show that the planned access road has dimensions of 400 m in length, 7.2 m in width, and a 25 m turning radius, with a pavement structure of 40 cm consisting of a 5 cm LASBUTAG MS454 surface layer, a 15 cm Class A crushed stone base course, and a 20 cm Class A sand and gravel subbase course adjusted to the local subgrade CBR value. Based on the Cost Budget Plan that has been made, the construction cost is IDR 3,321,045,000.00 (three billion three hundred twenty-one million forty-five thousand rupiah).

PLANNING FOR FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT REHABILITATION ON APRON ALPHA USING THE PAVEMENT CONDITION INDEX (PCI) METHOD AT DJALALUDDIN AIRPORT, GORONTALO

Ahmad Jimi Satriyo Utomo — 2025-12-23

The condition of flexible pavement in the airport apron area plays an important role in ensuring the safety and
smoothness of flight operations. At the Djalaluddin Gorontalo Airport Operator Unit, there were findings of damage to
the Flexible Pavement Apron Alpha indicating the urgency of the need for proper repair planning. This study aims to
evaluate and plan flexible pavement repairs using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method, which has been widely
recognized as a quantitative method for assessing the level of pavement damage. The methodology used includes a
visual survey based on ASTM D5380-98 to identify the type and level of damage, calculating the PCI value for each
sample unit, and comparing the results with the FAA maintenance standards and KP 94 of 2015. The results showed
that the average PCI value of Apron Alpha was in the good to moderate category, with the dominance of damage in the
form of Rutting and Long & Trans Crack. Based on the results of the study using the PCI method, repair planning was
carried out in the form of patching and routine inspections according to the level of damage to each unit. The contribution
of this research is to provide a technical reference based on actual data in airport infrastructure maintenance decision
making, as well as to strengthen the importance of using evaluative methods such as PCI in flexible pavement
maintenance management.

EXPANSION OF PARKING AREA USING RIGID PAVEMENT AT COL. ROBERT ATTY BESSING MALINAU AIRPORT

Donni Octaviano Hindarto — 2025-12-23

The increasing number of passengers at Colonel Robert Atty Bessing Airport in Malinau, North Kalimantan, has led to
parking shortages, with the existing facility accommodating only 28 vehicles. This study aims to plan the expansion of
parking facilities using rigid pavement to ensure capacity, durability, and serviceability. Passenger forecasts up to 2035
were conducted using the Holt Linear Trend method, while parking demand was estimated based on forecasted
passengers, vehicle ratios, and peak-hour factors. Several layout alternatives were compared to maximize land
efficiency. Pavement design followed Manual Desain Perkerasan Jalan No. 03/M/BM/2024, considering traffic load
(JSKN), soil strength (CBR 8.88%), and concrete strength (K-300). The results show that by 2035 parking demand will
reach 130 vehicles, requiring approximately 6,000 m² of land. The 90° layout was selected as the most efficient option
for maximizing capacity. The recommended pavement structure consists of a 20 cm reinforced concrete slab supported
by a 15 cm lean concrete subbase. This research provides practical recommendations for sustainable airport landside
planning, ensuring that parking facilities can meet long-term demand with durable construction.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LIGHT STEEL ROOF FRAMES AND WOODEN ROOF FRAMES BASED ON STRUCTURAL STRENGTH AND CONSTRUCTION COSTS (CASE STUDY: EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER BUILDING AT JUWATA TARAKAN AIRPORT)

Mahardika Hakim P. S. — 2025-12-23

The Emergency Operations Center (EOC) building is a strategic facility that functions as a coordination and
control center in emergency situations. Its purpose is to design a roof truss structure that meets safety and
structural strength standards in accordance with Indonesian National Standards. The results of modeling
the lightweight steel and wooden roof frames using SAP 200 V22 software show that the lightweight steel
roof frame trusses using CNP 100 x 50 x 20 x
3.2 mm and CNP 50 x 35 x 20 x 2 mm purlins. The wooden roof frame uses Class II meranti wood with
dimensions of 8/12. The lightweight steel frame experienced the largest deflection of 1.754 mm, while the
wooden structure recorded a larger deflection value of 2.137 mm. The ratio of lightweight steel is 0.8, while
wood is 0.312. The cost comparison for lightweight steel results in a total budget of Rp66,452,530.00, while
wood reaches Rp70,431,061.

“ANALYSIS OF THE SUPER STRUCTURE DESIGN OF THE OPERATIONAL BUILDING AT UPBU CLASS III MELALAN, EAST KALIMANTAN”

Genta Dwijati — 2025-12-23

Melalan Airport in West Kutai (IATA: GHS, ICAO: WALE, formerly WRLE) is located in Gemuhan Asa Village, Barong Tongkok District, approximately 8 km from the city center. Positioned at an elevation of 100.5 meters (330 feet) above sea level, the airport is currently undergoing development, including the construction of a new operational building. This project addresses the increasing need for staff and operational space at the airport. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach through data collection. According to the 2023 Term of Reference (TOR) for Melalan Airport, the development plan includes the construction of an operational building to support daily operations and maintenance of airport facilities. The structural design uses the Medium Moment Resisting Frame System (SRPMM), as the area of Sendawar lies within a low to moderate seismic zone (0.05 – 0.1 g). The structure was analyzed using SAP2000 software for earthquake-resistant design. The final design includes main beams of 25 × 40 cm, secondary beams of 20 × 15 cm, slab thickness of 11 cm, and columns of 40 × 40 cm. The total construction cost for the operational building is estimated at Rp 1,215,000,000.00 (One billion two hundred fifteen million rupiah).

Analysis of Hazard Potentials, Risk Levels and Control Measures Using the HIRARC Method in the Clean Water Pipeline Construction Project of PT CATL KARAWANG

Aminatuz Zuhriyah — 2025-12-23

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is a crucial aspect of construction activities to prevent accidents and occupational diseases. This research is intended to systematically identify potential hazards, assess the degree of associated risks, and formulate effective control measures by employing the Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) metod in the clean water pipeline construction project of PT CATL Karawang. The research employed field observations and interviews with project supervisors and workers, followed by data analysis based on the HIRARC approach through the evaluation of likelihood and severity.

The findings indicate that the highest risk levels were found in pipe lifting and welding activities, which were categorized as high risk due to the potential for burns, falling materials and fire hazards. Excavation and pipe installation activities were categorized as medium risk, while supporting activities such as site measurement and cleaning were considered low risk. Recommended control measures include consistent use of personal protective equipment (PPE), improved supervision, and periodic safety training for workers.

Overall, the implementation of the HIRARC method has shown significant effectiveness in the systematic identification of workplace hazards and prioritizing risk control measures. Proper application of these controls can help minimize work-related accidents and strengthen the safety culture within construction projects

PLANNING OF TURN PAD AREA AT THE END OF THRESHOLD 24 AT NAMROLE AIRPORT, MALUKU PROVINCE

Ifan Triputra Michael Manullang — 2025-12-23

Namrole Airport in South Buru Regency, Maluku Province, is a class III airport that requires airside facility development
due to increasing aircraft movements. One of the urgent needs is the construction of a turn pad at the end of runway 24
to support ATR 42-300 aircraft maneuvers so they can turn 180° safely and efficiently. This study aims to plan the turn
pad dimensions, determine the thickness of flexible pavement using the FAA Manual method and FAARFIELD
software, and calculate the Cost Budget Plan (RAB) according to PM 78 of 2014 and HSPK South Buru Regency 2024.
The data used include aircraft specifications, soil CBR values, and flight traffic data, with validation through COMFAA
software to obtain the PCN value. The planning results show that the need for a turn pad area of 325,875 m² with a
pavement thickness of 41 cm (FAA Manual) and 35.6 cm (FAARFIELD). The COMFAA analysis resulted in a PCN of
15.5 F/C/X/T, while the RAB estimate reached Rp524,900,000.00.

Analysis of Road Maintenance Priorities on Provincial Roads in the UPT PJJ Malang Region Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process Based on the Provincial/District Roads Management System

Slamet Hariyadi — 2025-12-23

The management of transportation infrastructure plays a vital role in supporting regional connectivity and sustainable development. However, limited government budgets often constrain the ability to maintain the entire road network, requiring a decision-making model that can objectively determine maintenance priorities. This research aims to analyze the prioritization of provincial road maintenance in the UPT PJJ Malang region using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) integrated with the Provincial/District Roads Management System (PKRMS). The study adopts a quantitative descriptive method that combines technical data from PKRMS with expert-based weighting analysis through AHP. The expected outcome is a decision-support model that can rank road segments according to their strategic, technical, and socio-economic importance. This approach not only supports transparent and efficient infrastructure management but also provides an applied learning framework for vocational engineering education, fostering smart and sustainable human resources in the field of transportation infrastructure management.

ANALYSIS OF THE SUPERSTRUCTURE DESIGN OF THE EMPLOYEE DORMITORY BUILDING AT SYUKURAN AMINUDDIN AMIR AIRPORT, LUWUK, CENTRAL SULAWESI

Agus Triyono — 2025-12-23

Syukuran Aminuddin Amir Airport in Luwuk, Central Sulawesi, has experienced an increase in the number of personnel,
while the availability of staff housing only meets a portion of the total demand. To support comfort and work
productivity, a two-story staff dormitory building is designed as a small-scale vertical residence that is earthquake
resistant. This final project designs the upper structure of the staff dormitory building using the Special Moment
Resisting Frame (SMRF) system in accordance with the provisions of SNI 2847:2019, SNI 1726:2019, and SNI
1727:2020. Structural analysis is carried out for dead loads, live loads, and equivalent static earthquake loads based on
the seismic parameters of Banggai Regency. The structural modeling is conducted in three-dimensional form using
SAP2000 v22 software. The design results show that the main structural elements consist of primary beams measuring
30×40 cm, secondary beams 25×35 cm, columns 40×40 cm, and one-way slabs with a thickness of 14 cm. Longitudinal
and shear reinforcement are designed based on the results of internal force analysis and anchorage length as per the SNI
standards. Section capacity evaluation shows that all elements meet the strength and ductility requirements. The
estimated construction cost for the upper structure is Rp940,800,000.00 (nine hundred forty million eight hundred
thousand rupiahs). This SMRF structural design is declared safe against the planned loads and can serve as a reference
for vertical residential planning in earthquake-prone areas.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF THERMOPLASTICS AND ELASTOMERS ON THE STIFFNESS AND RESISTANCE OF ASPHALT AT HIGH TEMPERATURES

Akbar Baihaqi Putra Aji Pratama — 2025-12-23

Indonesia, as a tropical country, faces serious challenges in maintaining the quality of road pavement due to extreme
temperatures that can reach 57°C, as observed on the runway of Aji Pangeran Tumenggung Pranoto Airport in
Samarinda. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding thermoplastic Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) polymer
and natural latex elastomer on the stiffness and resistance of 60/70 penetration asphalt at high temperatures. An
experimental research methodology with a factorial design was used to evaluate 55 samples with varying polymer
concentrations of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% through penetration (SNI 2456:2011), ductility (SNI 2432:2011), and
softening point (SNI 2434:2011). The results showed that the addition of polymer significantly reduced the
penetration and ductility values but increased the softening point and penetration index. LDPE thermoplastics showed
superior effectiveness in increasing stiffness with an increase in softening point to 69.3°C compared to the base asphalt of
51°C. Based on the evaluation of standard KP 14 of 2021, the optimum concentration is 1-3% for thermoplastics and
1-4% for elastomers, providing the best balance between thermal resistance and flexibility required for sustainable road
infrastructure.

PLANNING FOR THE EXTENSION OF THE RUNWAY TO OPTIMIZE THE ATR 72-600 AIRCRAFT AT NAMROLE AIRPORT, MALUKU

Asysyam Dite Setonugroho — 2025-12-23

Namrole Airport – Maluku is located in Lektama Village, Namrole District, South Buru Regency, Maluku Province. The
airport currently has an existing runway measuring 1,200 meters in length and 30 meters in width, serving ATR 42-300
aircraft. As part of its development plan, a runway extension is proposed to accommodate larger aircraft types,
specifically the ATR 72-600, enabling operations at its maximum take-off weight (MTOW). This study aims to determine
the required runway length based on the Aeroplane Reference Field Length (ARFL), evaluate the strength of the existing
pavement, and design the new pavement thickness using the FAARFIELD 2.1.1 application. The existing pavement was
assessed using Excel spreadsheet calculations and the COMFAA 3.0 program. Pavement strength and cost estimates
were also analyzed using these applications. The analysis results indicate that the existing pavement is still adequate to
support the operation of the planned critical aircraft. The required pavement thickness for the new design is 76 cm, with
a resulting PCN value of 48 F/C/X/T. The estimated construction cost based on the Bill of Quantities (RAB) is Rp
17.380.000.000,00.

STRUCTURAL DESIGN FOR THE EXPANSION OF THE AIRPORT FACILITIES WORKSHOP USING THE LRFD METHOD AT JENDERAL AHMAD YANI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT SEMARANG

Edelweis Silmi Eka Jazera — 2025-12-23

The expansion of the airport facilities workshop building at Jenderal Ahmad Yani International Airport Semarang has
become an essential need in line with the increasing operational activities and the capacity of supporting airport facilities. This study aims to design a safe steel structure for the workshop building using the Load and Resistance Factor
Design (LRFD) method, as the Allowable Stress Design (ASD) method is no longer valid in the latest structural planning
standards. In addition, a Cost Budget Plan is prepared to estimate the cost. The method used is engineering quantitative
descriptive, with steel structure analysis using the LRFD method. The design process includes load analysis, selection of steel profiles, evaluation of structural safety factors, and the preparation of the cost estimation material, equipment, and labor according to work volume. In designing the structure, SNI 1729:2020 on Specifications for Structural Steel Buildings, SNI 1726:2019 on Earthquake Resistance Planning Procedures for Building and Non-building Structures, and SNI 1727:2020 on Minimum Loads for Building Planning and Other Structures are applied. This study uses SAP2000 V26 software for structural analysis and AutoCAD 2025 for building modeling. The airport facilities workshop building, measuring 6 × 10 (m), is designed as a single-story steel structure. Profiles used: CNP 150.50.20.2,3 for purlins; WF 300.150.6,5.9 for columns and regents; WF 250.125.6.9 for rafters; WF 150.75.5.7 for consoles; and D10 for wind braces. The cost estimation shows a total construction cost of IDR 388.000.000,00 including 11% VAT.

PLANNING OF RIGID PAVEMENT ON SURFACE LEVEL HELIPORT AT KOLONEL ROBERT ATTY BESSING AIRPORT MALINAU - NORTH KALIMANTAN

Hatta Arya Hendrajaya — 2025-12-23

Rising air mobility in border areas necessitates building a Surface Level Heliport. This study aims to design
the rigid pavement structure for the Surface Level Heliport at Kolonel Robert Atty Bessing Airport, Malinau
– North Kalimantan, in order to ensure the safety and comfort of helicopter operations. The method used
refers to the technical guidelines from the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration), utilizing FAARFIELD
software, and PCN calculations using COMFAA software. Using data on annual departures, soil CBR
values, and helicopter dimensions, the design calculations include determining the concrete slab thickness,
marking layout plan, and reinforcement requirements. The planning results show that the Surface Level
Heliport has dimensions of 44 m x 44 m with a required pavement thickness of 4,06 M, using K-350 grade
concrete and M6-200 type wire mesh reinforcement. Based on these specifications, the calculated PCN value
is 14.5 and the ACN value is 11.1, which can support helicopter loads up to 37,680 lbs. The estimated project
cost, based on Minister of Transportation Regulation No. PM 78 of 2014 and the Standard Price List for
Goods and Services of Malinau Regency for the 2025 Fiscal Year, is IDR 1.985.066.000,00.

Comparative Study on the Construction Time of Spun Pile and Bored Pile Foundations in Cohesive Soil: A Case Study of the Aqueduct X Project

Ghufran Helmi Aziz — 2025-12-23

The selection of foundation type plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of civil infrastructure, particularly for projects constructed on cohesive soils. This study presents a comparative analysis of the implementation time between bored pile and spun pile foundation works on the Aqueduct X structure located in Aceh Province, Indonesia. The research was carried out based on soil data obtained from borehole investigations and analyzed using the bearing capacity method for cohesive soils following Skempton (1966) in Yelvi et al. (2023). The total required foundation length for all aqueduct structures was determined to be 22,592 meters. The production capacity of bored pile works was calculated at 7.66 m/hour, while that of spun pile works was 8.71 m/hour. Using an 8-hour working day as a reference, the total duration for bored pile installation was estimated at 360 calendar days, compared to 325 calendar days for spun pile installation. The results indicate that the spun pile method provides a time efficiency advantage of approximately 35 days compared to the bored pile method. However, to comprehensively assess the overall effectiveness, further analyses—including cost and quality comparisons—are recommended. This research contributes to the optimization of foundation selection and construction planning in cohesive soil conditions, supporting efficient decision-making for future infrastructure development.

Planning the Expansion of Ground Support Equipment Parking Using Rigid Pavement for the Next 10 Years at Juanda International Airport

Achmad Alfan Shafarruddin — 2025-12-23

Juanda International Airport is projected to experience a significant increase in aircraft and domestic passenger
movements by 2035. This growth will impact the demand for Ground Support Equipment (GSE) parking, which
is expected to exceed the current capacity of 13,596 m2. This study aims to determine the required GSE parking
area during peak hours in 2035 using linear regression for traffic projections, SKEP.47/III/2007 for equipment
estimation, and the Ministry of Public Works Circular SE 02/SE/M/2018 for parking design standards. The
analysis results indicate a required parking area of 16,250 m2 and a rigid pavement thickness of 32.4 cm,
calculated using FAARFIELD 2.0.18. The estimated construction cost is Rp22,394,502,687.

REPLANNING OF OPEN DRAINAGE ON THE NORTH SIDE OF RUNWAY 28 INSPECTION AT SYAMSUDIN NOOR AIRPORT, BANJARMASIN, SOUTH KALIMANTAN

Yola Azizudifi — 2025-12-23

Syamsudin Noor Airport in Landasan Ulin District, Banjarbaru Regency, South
Kalimantan Province, is experiencing flooding problems in the drainage channel along the
northern side of runway 28 due to inadequate existing channel conditions. This problem
disrupts airport operations and triggers complaints from nearby residents.
To address this issue, an open drainage channel development plan is proposed to enhance
flight safety and minimize environmental impacts. The plan begins with the collection of rainfall
data to calculate the maximum rainfall intensity for the next 10 years using the Log Pearson III
method.
The analysis results show that the maximum rainfall intensity in the catchment area is
8.065 m³/s, with a design discharge of 3.9 m³/s. The planned open channel dimensions are 1.2
m wide and 1.4 m high, with an estimated budget of IDR 1,071,200,000

Planning for the Subgrade Preparation of the Inspection Road at Depati Parbo Kerinci Jambi Airport

Puspita Kyla Azzura — 2025-12-23

Depati Parbo Airport, located in Kerinci Regency, Jambi Province, is currently undergoing airside
facility development to improve flight safety and operational efficiency. One of the essential
supporting infrastructures that needs to be realized is the inspection road, which functions as a
route for routine monitoring, perimeter surveillance, and facility maintenance access. This study
aims to plan the subgrade preparation of the inspection road based on existing conditions, as the
area consists of former rice fields with low bearing capacity soil, requiring ground improvement
before pavement construction. The type of research used is applied research. Data were obtained
through field observation during the On the Job Training 2 at the Airport Operator Unit of Depati
Parbo Airport, and supported by secondary data such as topographic maps from DEMNAS, the
airport master plan, and the 2024 Jambi Provincial Standard Unit Prices (HSPK). The population
in this study includes the entire inspection road area of 4,437 meters in length, with samples taken
at cross-sectional analysis points every 50 meters, totaling 92 points. Based on the results of the
calculations, the cut volume is estimated at 44,303.49 m³, while the fill volume is approximately
22,814.37 m³. The estimated total cost for the subgrade preparation work reaches IDR
17,450,000,000.00. The outcome of this planning is expected to serve as a reference for field
implementation and contribute to enhancing the safety and performance of airside infrastructure at
Depati Parbo Airport.

COMPARISON OF DRAINAGE COVER COSTS IN THE RUNWAY STRIP AREA USING PRECAST CONCRETE AND CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE AT FRANS SALES LEGA AIRPORT, RUTENG

Rindra Bahari Ibnu Abbas — 2025-12-23

This study discusses a cost and time comparison of drainage cover construction using conventional concrete and precast
concrete methods at Frans Sales Lega Airport. The research was motivated by the presence of open drainage channels
in the runway strip area, which do not comply with the 2023 regulations issued by the Directorate General of Civil
Aviation. The drainage cover was designed with dimensions of 2300 mm x 600 mm for both conventional and precast
concrete. The research method used is descriptive with a quantitative approach to cost and construction time analysis,
starting with data collection such as drainage layout and local unit price standards (HSPK). The process continued with
moment, shear, and deflection analysis, which was then used to calculate the loading. The next steps involved designing
the slab thickness and comparing both cost and duration of execution. The analysis results show that the conventional
concrete method requires a total cost of IDR 3,920,834,511.00, while the precast concrete method amounts to IDR
8,786,393,521.00. In terms of duration, precast concrete is more efficient with 42 days of work compared to 83 days for
conventional concrete. Based on these findings, conventional concrete is more economical in terms of cost, while precast
concrete is superior in time efficiency.

Planning for Runway Pavement Rehabilitation Using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) Method at Atung Bungsu Airport, Pagar Alam, South Sumatra

Arya Wahyu Dwi Kusumo — 2025-12-23

The airside facility of Atung Bungsu Pagar Alam Airport has a runway of 1500 meters and a width of 30 meters with a
PCN of 24 F/C/X/T. Pagar Alam Atung Bungsu Airport currently has a problem, namely the presence of Loss Material
that occurs on almost the entire runway surface. The purpose of this study was to analyze the condition of the runway
pavement using the PCI (Pavement Condition Index) method. PCI is a runway pavement assessment system based on
the type, level, and extent of damage that occurs, and can be used as a maintenance effort.
In assessing the condition of the runway using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method, data on the characteristics
of the runway and direct field conditions are used. The calculation is done by dividing the runway into several segments,
namely every 100 m. Then, each segment is observed (visually) and measured to identify the type of damage that exists
and conduct an assessment according to the PCI method.
The results of this study indicate that the overall average value of the runway STA of Atung Bungsu Airport is 33.83
with a poor category. The maintenance program includes an overlay with a thickness of 5 cm and the need for routine
and scheduled supervision at each STA so that the budget plan for the overlay cost is estimated at Rp. 14,066,667,092.16
(Fourteen Billion Sixty Million Six Hundred Sixty Seven Ninety Two Point Sixteen) based on the basic unit price of
wages and construction materials of the Pagar Alam City Government in 2024 and PM 78 of 2014.

Analysis Of Pavement Condition Remaining Life And Maintenance Costs On The Sumengko – Bandungrejo Road Section Bojonegoro Regency

Adilat Ahmad Firdausyi — 2025-12-23

Bojonegoro Regency is located in East Java Province, west of the provincial capital. This district has an area of 230,706
ha and borders seven other districts (Pemerintah Kabupaten Bojonegoro, n.d.). Having natural resources mostly in the
form of oil and gas in the Cepu block makes Bojonegoro a contributor of 25 percent of national production (ExxonMobil,
n.d.). In 2025, the Central Government established a National Strategic Program (PSN) to build a bioethanol factory in
Gayam District, Bojonegoro Regency and two investors have visited the plant (Suara Banyuurip, n.d.). Following up on
this, of course, it is necessary to follow up with the readiness of supporting infrastructure, especially roads. The main
access to the planned bioethanol factory location is the Sumengko – Bandungrejo road section at STA 0+000 to 2+770.
This road section has existing pavement in the form of rigid and asphalt overlay. During the construction and operation
of the plant, the Sumengko – Bandungrejo road section will receive increased vehicle volume and overloaded vehicle
loads. Therefore, before entering this period, it is necessary to conduct a Pavement Condition Index (IKP) analysis using
Minister of PUPR Instruction 19/SE/M/2016, analysis of the remaining life of the pavement design using AASTHO
1993 method and the 2024 Road Pavement Design Manual as well as an analysis of road rehabilitation costs according
to the the Director General of Construction Development Instruction Number. 30/SE/Dk/2025. Furthermore, after the
research is completed, it is expected to be a reference for technical planning and a reference for priority road
management policies. Suggestions for further research, if deflection test data on the road section is available, can be
included in the calculation analysis

PLANNING OF RUNWAY PAVEMENT REHABILITATION USING THE PAVEMENT CONDITION INDEX (PCI) METHOD AT ATUNG BUNGSU AIRPORT, PAGAR ALAM, SOUTH SUMATRA

Arya Wahyu Dwi Kusumo — 2025-12-23

Evaluation of Stability and Geotechnical Performance of Hopper Retaining Walls Using PLAXIS 2D (Hardening Soil Model)

Muhammad Shohib — 2025-12-30

This study aims to evaluate the geotechnical–structural performance of the retaining walls that form a
dump pocket around the ROM hopper of a crushing facility. The modeling was divided into three
sections—Section 1 (1 CSP Ø600 + 2 SQP 250×250), Section 2 (1 CSP Ø600 + 3 SQP 250×250), and
Section 3 (2 CSP Ø600)—and was performed using two-dimensional finite element analysis (PLAXIS
2D) with the Hardening Soil model. Staged construction was simulated from K₀ conditions to a fill height
of 1–5.9 m, followed by an additional surface load of 20 kPa. Service performance was verified against
project criteria, while global stability was obtained using strength reduction. The results show that the
safety factor decreases with increasing fill height, but all alternatives remain acceptable under the most
critical conditions (FS ≈ 1.52–1.59). Peak deformation in the final stage was Ux ≈ 0.064–0.068 m and
Uy ≈ 0.009–0.017 m, which was within the SLS (Serviceability Limit State) limits. Peak forces include
wall bending moments ≈66–92 kNm/m concentrated at the wall–pile cap joints. Multi-criteria
assessment (stability, serviceability, and material indicators) placed Section-2 as the preferred
alternative because it combines adequate stability, lowest serviceability deformation, and competitive
material usage. These findings support the emphasis on detailing the wall–pile cap joint zone and
confirm the feasibility of implementing the recommended configuration.

UTILIZATION OF DIGITAL MARKETING IN BUILDING BRAND AWARENESS OF SURABAYA AVIATION POLYTECHNIC

Cecilia Rija Manggita — 2025-12-23

The intensifying competition within the vocational education sector has prompted institutions such as Surabaya Aviation
Polytechnic to adopt digital marketing strategies to enhance brand awareness. This study aims to analyse the utilization
of TikTok as a digital marketing tool to improve the visibility and positive image of aviation-focused vocational
education institutions. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collection techniques including direct
observation of the institution’s TikTok account, in-depth interviews with the public relations team, and a review of
scientific journals. The findings indicate that creative, visual, and interactive content on TikTok—such as videos
showcasing academic activities, alumni collaborations, and aviation education—effectively boosts audience
engagement (engagement) and brand recognition. However, challenges such as the dynamic nature of platform trends,
low audience participation in educational content, and resource limitations remain significant barriers. Drawing on
Keller and Swaminathan’s brand awareness theory, this research emphasizes the importance of content consistency,
authentic collaborations with stakeholders (lecturers, students, alumni), and the evaluation of digital campaign
performance to strengthen brand associations among the public. Practical implications suggest that vocational education
institutions should design holistic strategies integrating creativity, trend relevance, and information transparency to
expand their reach and sustain competitiveness in the digital era.

Design Modification of Flight Information Display System Simulator Based on Web Using Text To Speech at Aviation Polytechnic of Surabaya

Aswandi — 2025-12-23

The limited learning facilities at the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic have resulted in the understanding and
operation of the Flight Information Display System (FIDS) remaining largely theoretical, with minimal practical
application. This condition creates a gap between the practical competencies required by students and the available
learning resources, highlighting the academic urgency for more interactive and applicable learning media. This study
aims to design and develop a web-based FIDS simulator integrated with a Text to Speech (TTS) feature, providing not
only visual information but also audio outputs similar to real airport systems. The development process employed the
ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) using Visual Studio Code and XAMPP.
System evaluation included white box and black box testing to assess functionality, as well as validation by media
experts (3 lecturers) and users (30 students) through a usability questionnaire. The results demonstrated that all system
functions operated as designed, while the validation process produced an average usability score of 87.6%, placing it in
the “highly usable” category. The findings indicate that the web-based FIDS simulator with TTS integration successfully
enhances interactivity and provides a learning experience that closely simulates real operational conditions.
Scientifically, this study contributes to the development of simulation-based learning media in aviation vocational
education and may serve as a reference for similar system development in other aviation institutions. Practically, the
system can be implemented both as an independent learning tool and as an integrated laboratory resource, supporting
students in achieving competencies more effectively.

The Effect Of The Boarding School System On The Critical Thinking Skills Of Cadets In The Diploma 3 Air Traffic Control At The Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic

Isyah Fajrih M. Balafif — 2025-12-23

This study aims to determine the effect of the boarding school system on the critical thinking skills of
cadets in the Diploma 3 Air Traffic Control at the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic and the factors that
influence their critical thinking. This research employed a quantitative method with a questionnaire based on a
Likert scale as the data collection tool. The research sample included the entire population of Diploma 3 Air Traffic
Control cadets (n=30). Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 29 with a t-test. The results indicated a
significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, which means that the boarding school system has a significant effect on cadets’
critical thinking skills. The main influencing factors are environmental discipline, dormitory social life, intensity of
teacher and supervisor guidance, additional extracurricular and academic activitie, and educational facilities. The
boarding school system has proven effective in developing analytical, evaluative, reflective, and independent thinking
patterns.

ANALYSIS OF E-LEARNING APPLICATION USAGE IN THEORETICAL LEARNING FOR CADETS

Hani Alfahmasari Alfahmasari — 2025-12-23

The utilization of a Learning Management System (LMS) in vocational education, including at the Civil Aviation
Polytechnic of Surabaya, has become an essential strategy to support online and blended learning. However, the
implementation of the Moodle-based LMS at this institution has not yet reached optimal performance, as reflected in
the low completion rates of course materials and the limited integration with face-to-face learning. This study aims to
analyze the use of the LMS by cadets and identify barriers and alternative solutions for improvement. A mixed-method
approach was employed, with data collected through questionnaires, interviews, and documentation of the LMS
platform. The analysis revealed that although the LMS offers a wide range of academic and technical courses, its use
remains suboptimal due to limited socialization, lack of adequate devices, and low active participation among cadets. A
comparative study with the Universitas Terbuka LMS highlighted the need for structured technical guidelines,
continuous technical support, and mandatory LMS usage policies. The findings are expected to serve as a basis for
developing more effective LMS implementation policies and strategies in vocational education environments.

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF INTERACTIVE MEDIA PRECISION APPROACH PATH INDICATOR AS A LEARNING SUPPORT AT MAKASSAR AVIATION POLYTECHNIC

Bayu Purbo Wartoyo — 2025-12-23

This study aims to design and develop an application-based interactive media as a learning tool for the Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI) system at Makassar Aviation Polytechnic. The background to this development is the limited direct practice facilities at the airport, so alternative media are needed that allow students to understand the working principles of PAPI independently. The method used is research and development (R&D) based on the Sugiyono model, with the stages of designing, developing, and testing the media. This media is designed using Visual Studio Code with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript programming languages and runs on local hosting to be used without an internet connection. Testing was conducted through a questionnaire to students of the Airport Technology study program to measure functionality, usability, and portability. The test results showed that the developed interactive media received positive responses from more than 88% of respondents in each aspect, indicating that this media is suitable for use as a learning support in the campus environment.

Utilization Of Smartphone As A Media For Making Educational Video About Prohibited Items At Airports To Increase Public Knowledge

Laila Rochmawati — 2025-12-23

This study aims to develop an educational media in the form of a video createdusing a smartphone to enhance
public awareness regarding prohibited items at airports. The background of this research is based on the importance of
public understanding of baggage regulations to improve aviation safety and security. An engaging, practical, and easily
accessible educational medium is needed as a more effective alternative to conventional socialization efforts.
The research method employed is Research and Development (R&D) based on the Borg and Gall model. The
research procedures include identifying potentials and problems, data collection, product design, expert validation,
product revision, and trial testing with respondents. The trial subjects were airport passengers selected through purposive
sampling. Data collection was conducted using a one-group pretest-posttest design, and the data were analyzed using
the Wilcoxon non-parametric test.
The results indicate that the educational video produced using a smartphone can significantly improve public
understanding of prohibited items at airports. This is evidenced by an increase in the pretest score from 47.2% to 99.6%
in the posttest, showing a 52.4% improvement. The video is considered effective, practical, and accessible, making it a
compelling and efficient alternative medium for airport authorities, especially at Kalimarau Class I Airport in Berau,
East Kalimantan, where the research was conducted.

The Influence of QR Code-Based Socialization on Passenger Understanding of KM 39/2024 Regulations at Komodo International Airport

Anggid Putri Pratitis — 2025-12-23

The Minister of Transportation's Decree Number 39 of 2024 serves as an important reference in maintaining flight
safety. However, there are still many violations by passengers regarding cabin baggage, reflecting a lack of
understanding of regulations and minimal information dissemination. Digital media such as QR Codes are considered
an efficient solution for delivering information.
This research uses a quantitative approach involving 233 domestic passengers at Komodo International Airport. A
questionnaire was developed to measure the influence of QR Code media on passengers' understanding of KM 39 of
2024, with instruments that have been validated and tested statistically.
The analysis results show that QR Code has a significant impact on improving passenger understanding (p < 0.05).
The recommended strategies based on PM 30 of 2020 and PM 77 of 2011 include placing QR Codes in strategic
locations, presenting engaging content, and involving staff in assisting passengers to access information digitally in
accordance with service regulations and carrier responsibilities.

Design Of A Web-Based Information System Application For Laboratory Usage In The Air Navigation Engineering Department At Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic

Bambang Bagus Harianto — 2025-12-23

This research resulted in a web-based laboratory management information system specifically designed for the Air
Navigation Engineering Study Program at Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya. The system was developed using the
Laravel Filament framework, implementing the waterfall model approach, to address various issues found in the
previous manual system. The manual system used before often caused schedule conflicts and delays in conveying
information regarding the availability of laboratories. Through the design of this website, the author successfully created
a platform that displays the laboratory status in real-time, allowing users to easily access up-to-date information. The
laboratory booking feature developed is also equipped with a role-based access control system, enabling a more
structured access distribution according to the roles of users, such as super admin, admin, monitor, and user.
Furthermore, this system supports the tracking of laboratory usage history, helping in managing facility usage more
efficiently. Usability testing indicates that users, including students, lecturers, and admins, found the website interface
easy to use and highly informative. The website was also deemed secure based on security testing results, ensuring user
data protection. These findings affirm that the developed information system not only provides a technical solution for
managing the laboratory but also improves the effectiveness and efficiency of practical sessions in the Air Navigation
Engineering Study Program at Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya.

Design and Evaluation of an Arduino-based Microcontroller Trainer Module to Support Learning Activities at the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic

Suyatmo — 2025-12-23

The research adopted the Research and Development (R&D) approach using the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). Two expert validators and 19 students
participated as research subjects.The trainer module was designed using Arduino Uno ATMega328, integrated with sensors, actuators, and display components to support diverse experiments in programming and control systems. Validation was conducted using the TELOS framework, while effectiveness was measured through pre-test and post-test evaluations of student performance.

The validation process confirmed that the trainer achieved a feasibility score of 90.95%, placing it in the “Very Feasible” category. Student assessments also indicated high usability and practicality, with an average user validation score of 91.22%. Furthermore, the implementation results demonstrated significant improvement in learning outcomes. The
average pre-test score of 50.53 (“Poor”) increased to 77.37 (“Good”) in the post-test, representing a 53.11% improvement in performance.

These findings confirm the thesis that the developed trainer module is a valid, practical, and effective learning medium for supporting microcontroller education in vocational programs. The research highlights the importance of integrating structured trainer modules into aviation engineering curricula to bridge the gap between theoretical instruction and
practical application.

DEVELOPMENT OF AVIATION SECURITY FACILITY LABORATORY AS A PRACTICAL LEARNING FACILITY AT AVIATION POLYTECHNIC OF SURABAYA

Abdurrahman Harits Ruswandi — 2025-12-23

Aviation Polytechnic of Surabaya, a government-affiliated college under the Ministry of Transportation, offers a
Diploma 3 program in Air Transportation Management that includes an aviation security training program. One of the
practical learning facilities used in this training is Aviation Security Facility (Faskampen) Laboratory. A significant
issue identified is the inability of the Faskampen Laboratory to replicate the authentic environment of a Passenger
Security Check Point (PSCP) at an airport, which is crucial for effective practical learning. To address this issue, a
redesign of Faskampen Laboratory is undertaken to enhance the training experience for students. This development
utilizes a Research and Development (R&D) method based on a modified 4D model, by omitting the Disseminate stage.
The resulting design is created in both 2D and 3D using Archicad and rendered with Twinmotion. The design is validated
by experts, including design specialists, aviation security practitioners, training lecturers, and students, resulting in a
final score of 629 and a percentage of 97%, indicating that the redesigned Faskampen Laboratory is suitable for
implementation. The outcomes of this research provide a valuable reference for further development of the Faskampen
Laboratory at the Aviation Polytechnic of Surabaya.

Arduino Uno, Microcontroller Trainer, 4D Model, TELOS, Vocational Education, learning media.

Suyatmo — 2025-12-23

In vocational education, particularly in aircraft maintenance engineering, the mastery
of microcontroller systems requires both theoretical knowledge and hands-on practice.
However, limited laboratory equipment and inadequate learning media at the Surabaya
Aviation Polytechnic have created a gap between theory and practice, restricting students’
opportunities to apply programming and microcontroller concepts effectively. To address this
research gap, this study aimed to design and evaluate an Arduino-based microcontroller trainer
module as a practical learning tool for the Diploma 3 Aircraft Maintenance Engineering
program.
The research adopted the Research and Development (R&D) approach using the 4D
model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). Two expert validators and 19 students
participated as research subjects. The trainer module was designed using Arduino Uno
ATMega328, integrated with sensors, actuators, and display components to support diverse
experiments in programming and control systems. Validation was conducted using the TELOS
framework, while effectiveness was measured through pre-test and post-test evaluations of
student performance.
The validation process confirmed that the trainer achieved a feasibility score of
90.95%, placing it in the “Very Feasible” category. Student assessments also indicated high
usability and practicality, with an average user validation score of 91.22%. Furthermore, the
implementation results demonstrated significant improvement in learning outcomes. The
average pre-test score of 50.53 (“Poor”) increased to 77.37 (“Good”) in the post-test,
representing a 53.11% improvement in performance.
These findings confirm the thesis that the developed trainer module is a valid,
practical, and effective learning medium for supporting microcontroller education in vocational
programs. The research highlights the importance of integrating structured trainer modules
into aviation engineering curricula to bridge the gap between theoretical instruction and
practical application.

The Influence of Social Media on the Profile of the Diploma 3 Air Traffic Controller Study Program at Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic

Galih Aji Aviantara — 2025-12-23

This study aims to explore the role of social media in shaping the image and appeal of the Diploma 3 Air Traffic Control
Study Program at the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic. Using a qualitative approach, the research focuses on a deep
understanding of the experiences, perceptions, and responses of various stakeholders, including current students,
prospective students, alumni, and institutional social media managers. Data were collected through in-depth interviews,
observations of Instagram content, and documentation of the study program's ongoing digital communication activities.
The findings reveal that social media particularly Instagram plays a significant role in forming a positive perception of
the study program through engaging, interactive, and consistent visual content tailored to the characteristics of today’s
digital audience. This research contributes to the formulation of relevant communication strategies in the digital era and
recommends the optimized use of social media as an effective and adaptive educational promotion tool in response to
ongoing developments in information technology.

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AUGMENTED REALITY X-RAY LEARNING MEDIA WITH DUBBING SYSTEM AT AVIATION POLYTECHNIC SURABAYA

Safira Whinar Pramesti — 2025-12-23

In the world of vocational education, innovative learning media is essential to improve understanding of
technical and complex materials. In the learning process of the Goods and Person Inspection Detection
Equipment course at the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic, there are limited interactive and safe learning media
to learn the structure and workings of X-Ray machines, where the use of real tools has radiation risks and
limited access. Therefore, this study aims to Design and build Augmented Reality (AR)-based learning media
equipped with a Dubbing system and visualizes X-Ray machine components in three dimensions and provides
explanatory audio narration. The Development method used is ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development,
Implementation, Evaluation). In the Analysis stage, learning needs are identified and data are collected. The
Design stage includes system Design, starting from the X-Ray machine visualization concept to the integration
of the DUBBING system as an audio narration. Next, in the Development stage, learning media is developed
using supporting software and initial testing of system functionality is carried out. Implementation by applying
the developed media in the learning environment. Finally, Evaluation, an assessment of the feasibility and
effectiveness of the learning media was carried out with the results of validation tests from media experts and
respondents, so that media that is suitable for use in the learning process was obtained. The results of the study
showed that this AR X-Ray media can be operated via a smartphone device equipped with interactive features
so that it supports the delivery of material accompanied by voice narration. Based on the validation results by
users and media experts, this media was declared suitable for use in the learning process and was proven to
improve cadets' understanding of the material and be a safer and more interesting alternative to conventional
methods.

STUDY OF EXPECTED APPROACH TIME CALCULATION IN STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR APPROACH CONTROL UNIT SERVICES AT PERUM LPPNPI AMBON BRANCH, INDONESIA

Nabila Meihana Syam Putri — 2025-12-23

This study examines the calculation of Expected Approach Time (EAT) within the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
of the Approach Control Unit at Perum LPPNPI Ambon Branch, as no standardized EAT procedure currently exists. EAT
is vital for air traffic management, directly affecting efficiency, safety, and flight orderliness. The study reviews Air
Traffic Control (ATC) methods for calculating and providing EAT, its impact on traffic flow and safety, and its role in
special situations such as lost communication. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through
observation at Pattimura Airport, structured interviews with the Operations Manager and ATC personnel, and document
analysis. Results indicate that EAT provision is suboptimal due to unclear SOP guidance, causing pilot uncertainty,
reduced efficiency, and increased communication load. Recommendations include establishing a clear SOP, ATC
training, and proper EAT implementation.

Modular Web-Based Development for English Test Using Testing System with Security and Automation Features

Akbar Ananda Aditya — 2025-12-23

An academic institution in Surabaya continues to administer the English Test named TEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) through Google Forms, a method now considered inadequate due to limitations in item management, automated scoring, and exam security. In response, this study developed a web-based TEFL examination system employing the Incremental Software Development Model. This model enables the stepwise implementation, testing, and refinement of system components, ensuring higher adaptability and control throughout the development process. The system integrates key features, including randomized question distribution, automated grading, multi-level user access (administrators, instructors, and students), real-time result display, and anti-cheating mechanisms such as tab-switch detection and user authentication. Functionality testing utilized the Black-box Testing approach to assess system

operations without accessing internal code. Additionally, system quality was evaluated using ISO 9126 standards

through a structured questionnaire involving 22 student participants. The system scored well across Functionality

(76.2%), Usability (79%), Reliability (77.2%), Efficiency (78.2%), and Portability (78.4%), with an overall average of

77.8%, placing it within the “Good” category. The results affirm the system’s effectiveness in enhancing the efficiency,

transparency, and integrity of online TEFL assessments.

Analysis Of Link And Match Between Air Traffic Controller Study Program Graduates Of Aviation Polytechnic Of Surabaya And Airnav Indonesia

Cemal Ganesh Prasetya Adi — 2025-12-23

This study aims to analyze the alignment (link and match) between graduates of the Air Traffic Management Study
Program at Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya and the demands of the Indonesian aviation industry. The research
objectives are threefold: (1) to assess the relevance of graduates’ competencies with industry requirements,
particularly AirNav Indonesia; (2) to evaluate the suitability of establishing the program with current workforce
recruitment needs; and (3) to provide strategic recommendations for improving curriculum and training alignment. A
qualitative research approach was applied, focusing on a comprehensive understanding of field realities. Data were
obtained through in-depth interviews with alumni, lecturers, and AirNav Indonesia representatives, complemented by
observations and documentation. Data analysis followed the stages of reduction, presentation, and conclusion
drawing, with triangulation employed to ensure data credibility. The findings indicate that the collaboration between
Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya and the aviation industry has not been established in a consistent and sustainable
manner. The curriculum has not fully adapted to industrial developments, and supplementary training remains uneven.
Furthermore, the establishment of the study program does not yet fully correspond to AirNav Indonesia’s actual
recruitment needs. Strengthening partnerships and curriculum adaptation are necessary to enhance graduates’
relevance and competitiveness in the aviation sector.

“Developing a User Guide for the Learning Management System (LMS) to Support the Optimization of Online Learning Processes”

Fariz Fahmi Fahrudin — 2025-12-23

This Online learning has become an essential part of higher education systems in the digital era. Learning Management Systems (LMS) have been widely used to support the learning process; however, their utilization has not yet reached its full potential due to the lack of systematic and user-oriented guidelines. This study aims to develop an LMS user guide that can enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of online learning. The research method employed is research and development (R&D) with a quantitative approach. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to lecturers and students. The findings indicate that the LMS user guide can help improve users’ understanding and skills in accessing LMS features optimally. The recommendations resulting from this study are expected to be utilized by institutions to improve the quality of online learning

Optimization Of The Atc Simulator Laboratory In Aerodrome Control Procedure Learning For The Air Traffic Study Program At Poltekbang Surabaya

Nikolaus Vincent Quirino — 2025-12-23

This study aims to analyze strategies for optimizing the use of the ATC Simulator Laboratory in teaching Aerodrome
Control Procedures for D3 Air Traffic students at the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic. Although the laboratory is
equipped with hardware and software that mimic real operational conditions, its utilization is not yet optimal due to
outdated hardware, limited software, a lack of instructor training, and a limited number of competent personnel for its
operation. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection through direct observation,
interviews with lecturers, the head of the laboratory, and students, as well as a study of documentation such as
maintenance forms and schedules. The research instruments were validated by a supervisor, and data analysis was
conducted using the Miles and Huberman model with triangulation as the validation method. The results indicate that
the laboratory is not yet functioning optimally, in terms of hardware, software, and SOPs, and thus does not fully support
realistic air traffic control simulation scenarios. The research was conducted at the ATC Simulator Laboratory of
Poltekbang Surabaya during the sixth semester of 2025.

Needs Analysis of English Teaching Materials for Vocational High School Students: Preparing for the World of Work

Moh. Fuadul Matin — 2025-12-23

English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in vocational education plays a pivotal role in preparing students for professional
communication in their future workplaces. However, many English materials used in Indonesian vocational high schools
(SMK) still focus on general English, with limited relevance to the students’ vocational fields. This study aims to analyze the
English material needs of SMK students to ensure alignment with the linguistic demands of the world of work especially in
tourism. Using a qualitative descriptive method, interview to the students, literature-based analysis, the study identifies the
gaps between current teaching materials and workplace communication needs. Findings reveal that English materials should
emphasize job-related communication, technical vocabulary, and intercultural competence. The study suggests that English
teachers and curriculum developers integrate authentic workplace tasks and collaborate with industry professionals to design
effective, context-based learning materials.

POWER ANALYSIS OF A 100 WATT MICRO HYDRO POWER GENERATOR USING AN INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT) WEB SERVICE BASED ON THE CODE IGNITER FRAMEWORK

Yudhis Thiro Kabul Yunior — 2025-12-23

Small-scale Microhydro power plants (100 Watt) require a real-time and accurate power monitoring system to improve efficiency and maintenance. This research aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based electrical power analysis system by utilizing a Web Service based on the CodeIgniter Framework to process and display data online. The system consists of sensor modules (voltage and current) using ZMPT101B and ACS712, an ESP32 microcontroller for data transmission, and a CodeIgniter backend that provides a RESTful API for data storage and processing. Power (P), voltage (V), current (I), and energy (kWh) data are displayed on a web dashboard with graphic visualization using Chart.js. The research method uses a Research and Development (R&D) approach with stages of needs analysis, system design, implementation, and testing. The test results show that the system is able to monitor power with 95% accuracy compared to digital multimeter measurements, and has a data transmission latency of <2 seconds. This solution can be applied to small-scale Microhydro power plants for IoT-based monitoring with low cost and high scalability.

Design and Development of an Intelligent Floodlight Automation System for Educational Purpose at Aviation Polytechnic of Makassar

Andi Fadhilah Nugrah — 2025-12-23

Floodlights are essential components in the apron lighting system at airports, providing illumination to ensure safe aircraft operations during nighttime or low-visibility conditions. However, learning about floodlight automation systems at the Aviation Polytechnic of Makassar is still primarily theoretical, lacking practical training media. This study aims to design and develop an intelligent floodlight automation system using an Arduino Uno integrated with RTC DS3231 and LDR sensors. The system automatically controls the floodlight based on time and light intensity conditions. The research methodology includes hardware and software design, system assembly, and performance testing. The results show that the floodlight operates automatically between 18:00–06:00 or under low-light conditions and turns off when the environment is bright. The prototype demonstrates high accuracy, quick response, and reliability, making it suitable as an educational tool for vocational training in aviation electrical engineering.

Electricity Tariff Analysis And Prediction System Using The Arima Algorithm Based On The Internet Of Things (IoT)

Slamet Hariyadi — 2025-12-23

The problem of monthly electricity bills in Indonesia is often a hot topic among the public. Some of the problems with electricity bills that are often complained about by the public include: The increase in basic electricity rates by the government or PLN (State Electricity Company) is often the main complaint. This increase can have a significant impact on people's monthly expenses. Many customers feel that their electricity bills do not match their actual usage. This can be caused by uncontrolled electricity usage or devices that consume more electricity than expected. There are cases where errors in electricity meter readings occur, either due to human error or damage to the meter. This error can result in electricity bills that are higher or lower than actual usage. Some customers feel they do not get clear information about the details of their bills. This lack of transparency can lead to distrust of PLN. Several additional costs such as administration fees, late payment fees, and other costs can add to the burden on monthly electricity bills. Based on the above problems, we built a Smart Precision Electric platform system based on IoT and Artificial Intelligence as a Predictive Model for Electricity Bills. The system we built is able to predict next month's electricity bill and identify the electronic devices that contribute the most to that cost using the integration of the Internet of Things Platform and Artificial Intelligence.

Synthsizer Audio Generator Analysist (Saga) DVOR Maru 220 Menggunakan Arduino Uno

Bambang Bagus Harianto — 2025-12-23

This study aims to design and implement a portable device based on the Arduino Uno ATmega328P microcontroller
that is able to read and analyze the output signal from the DVOR Maru 220 Modulation Signal Generator (MSG)
MODULE. This tool was developed to detect three main types of frequency signals, namely 30 Hz (reference signal),
720 Hz (blending signal), and 1020 Hz (ident signal), which play an important role in DVOR navigation systems. Data
acquisition is done via an Arduino analog input and displayed in real-time via a desktop-based PyQt5 interface. The
research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development,
Implementation, and Evaluation) model approach. The test results showed that the SAGA system was able to display
frequency data with a fairly good level of accuracy, with the lowest deviation of 0.3973% at the frequency of 720 Hz.
This system was considered effective in assisting technicians in the process of diagnosis, maintenance, and calibration
of MSG Modules without having to use conventional equipment that was not portable. This innovation provides an
efficient and economical solution in supporting DVOR-based navigation device maintenance activities.

Design And Analysis Of Wideband Microstrip Antenna Using Bowtie Patch For L-Band And C-Band Applications

Deny Kurniawan — 2025-12-23

This study aims to design and implement a wideband microstrip antenna with a Sweep W Patch Defected Ground Structure (DGST) as a signal receiver in the L-Band and C-Band frequency bands. The development method used is the
ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), with a focus on the patch geometry design stage, ground structure optimization, and prototype realization. The design process was carried out using CST Studio Suite 2019 software to obtain performance parameters such as return loss, VSWR, gain, and bandwidth. The simulation results show that the Sweep W Patch DGST antenna design has performance that is close to the technical specifications, especially at frequencies of 1.14 GHz, which is close to the L-Band, 4.37 GHz, and 4.8 GHz, which is close to the C Band. The antenna prototype was then realized and tested using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA), with return loss measurements reaching –16.55 dB at a frequency of 1.218 GHz. Although there was a deviation from the simulation results, the antenna performance was still within tolerance limits and showed matching impedance characteristics. This study successfully demonstrated that optimizing the patch and ground geometry effectively improves the wideband characteristics of microstrip antennas. These results can be used as learning material in the field of radio communication and as a reference for further development of multiband antenna designs.

The Design a Real-Time Fire Alarm Prototype Based on Arduino IDE With Telegram Notifications

M. Zainul Muttaqin Muttaqin — 2025-12-23

Fire is a disaster that can cause significant losses, both in terms of material and human safety. An early detection system
is a crucial solution to minimize its impact. This research aims to design and build an Arduino IDE-based fire alarm prototype capable of providing real-time notifications via the Telegram application. This system uses a NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller integrated with MQ-2, MQ-8, MQ-9, and DHT11 sensors to detect smoke, hazardous gases,
and high temperatures. The prototype is designed with local indicators such as a buzzer, LED, and LCD, as well as remote notification via a Telegram bot. The method used is a prototype model that includes needs identification, design, construction, testing, and evaluation. Test results show that the system is capable of detecting LPG, hydrogen, smoke, and temperature increases with good accuracy. Notifications can be sent to Telegram within a short time after the sensor
detects a dangerous condition. This system is suitable for implementation as a learning tool in the laboratory and as a small-scale fire early warning system.

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ANDROID- BASED APPLICATION FOR INSPECTING GROUND AND AIR FACILITIES AT BETOAMBARI AIRPORT IN BAUBAU, SOUTHERN SULAWESI

Jessica Putri H.D. — 2025-12-23

Airports play a vital role in the mobility of people and goods, making flight safety highly dependent on the
condition of landside (FSD) and airside (FSU) facilities. Therefore, Betoambari Airport in Baubau requires an integrated
inspection mechanism. This study aims to design and develop an Android application to support the inspection process
using a Research and Development (R&D) approach combined with the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop,
Disseminate). The Define stage involved field observations and interviews to identify user needs. The Design stage
produced a client-server system architecture, a minimalist user interface, and a database schema. In the Develop stage,
a prototype was built using Flutter and Firebase. Testing showed that all functions operated as intended. During the
Disseminate stage, the application was implemented at Betoambari Airport. The application supports daily and monthly
inspections and features damage recording, photo uploads, status updates, and automatic reporting. Data is stored in
JSON format within Firebase and is compatible with Android 10 and above.

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A SMART FEEDER BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER WITH FEATURES FOR AUTOMATIC FEEDING TIME AND PORTION CONTROL

M. Roim — 2025-12-23

Catfish farming requires a regular and efficient feeding system to support fish growth and health. Common issues that often occur in the field include delayed feeding, improper feed quantities, and difficulties in monitoring leftover feed. This study aims to design and develop a microcontroller-based Smart Feeder using the ESP32, which can automatically control feeding time and portion sizes. The system development method uses the ADDIE approach, consisting of five stages: Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The development of this tool involves key components, including the DS3231 RTC for time control, load cell + HX711 for feed weight measurement, servo and pump motors for the feeding mechanism, ultrasonic sensors to monitor leftover feed, and an I2C LCD to display information. Testing was conducted to evaluate the tool’s functionality, including testing automatic feeding time, feed portion measurement, and monitoring leftover feed. Test results show that the tool functions as expected, being able to feed at the predetermined time, accurately measure feed portions, and monitor leftover feed in the container. Additionally, remote control via mobile applications adds comfort for users. User evaluations indicate positive results, although there are suggestions for further development, such as improving tool durability, adding a notification system, and advanced monitoring features. Recommendations from this research include adding automatic notification features
so users can receive updates on feed status, as well as improving material quality and tool durability for long-term use..

Prototype Of an IoT-Based Generator Fuel Level Monitoring and Control System at The Electricity Unit of PERUM LPPNPI JATSC Branch

Niken Ayu Dwi Andini — 2025-12-23

Generators are a critical backup power source for maintaining operational continuity in various sectors.
However, manually monitoring the fuel level of a generator results in a lack of efficiency and can lead to delays in
refueling, even leading to sudden fuel outages. This situation can affect the availability of backup power when needed.
Therefore, this study aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based fuel level monitoring system that
can monitor directly, provide automatic notifications when the fuel level is low, and control the fuel filling pump
automatically. The development method chosen is the Waterfall model, which includes the stages of analysis, design,
implementation, and system testing. The hardware used includes a NodeMCU ESP32 as a microcontroller, a HY-SRF05
ultrasonic sensor to detect fuel level, a relay for DC pump control, and a buzzer as an alarm signal. All data is sent
directly to the Blynk application as a monitoring medium. Test results show that the system can read fuel level with an
error rate between 0.01% and 3%, while the conversion into liters shows a maximum deviation of 2.6%. This system
also successfully controls pumps and alarms automatically according to existing logic. Thus, this system can improve
efficiency and accuracy in generator fuel monitoring.

ANALYSIS OF EQUIPMENT STORAGE AREA MANAGEMENT IN SUPPORTING OPERATIONAL SAFETY AT EL TARI KUPANG AIRPORT

Yoshua Agung Parhusip — 2025-12-23

The Equipment Storage Area (ESA) plays a vital role in supporting airside operations, particularly for storing
Ground Support Equipment (GSE). At El Tari Airport Kupang, the ESA does not yet meet safety and operational
standards, as outlined in PR 21 of 2023 (CASR Part 139). Observations revealed the absence of markings and physical
barriers, especially near the drainage channel, posing risks to equipment safety and operational continuity.
This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collected through field observations, interviews with
Apron Movement Control and ground handling personnel, and documentation. The analysis followed data reduction,
presentation, and conclusion drawing to evaluate the ESA's readiness in ensuring airside safety.
Findings show that the lack of visual markings leads to disorganized GSE placement, and the absence of barriers
increases the risk of equipment slipping into the drainage. It is recommended to implement clear markings and
permanent concrete barriers to enhance safety, order, and compliance with aviation safety standards.

THE INFLUENCE OF AVIATION SECURITY PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE ON FLIGHT SECURITY AT MUTIARA SIS AL-JUFRI PALU AIRPORT

Meita Maharani Sukma — 2025-12-23

In shaping airport aviation security that can provide passengers with comfort at the airport, it is necessary to pay attention o facilities in improving the performance of Avsec personnel. This study aims to examine the effect of aviation security personnel performance on flight security at Mutiara Sis Al-Jufri Airport Palu. The method used in this research is a quantitative method with a survey approach that distributes questionnaires to respondents as many as 150 respondents who are Avsec officers and airport passengers. Data collection was carried out using a Likert scale on a research questionnaire and research data analysis was carried out using statistical techniques and multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS software ver. 26. 26. The results showed that there was an effect of aviation security personnel performance on flight security at Mutiara Sis Al- Jufri Airport Palu, indicated by the regression coefficient value of 0.655 with a significance of 0.000 (p < 0.05) and t count of 8.123> t table 1.976. The Pearson correlation value of 0.555 indicates a positive relationship between AVSEC performance and aviation security, although the strength of the correlation is in the low category. The percentage effect of AVSEC officer performance on aviation security is 55.5%, while the remaining 44.5% is influenced by other variables not included in this study. Aviation security at Mutiara Sis Airport

THE EFFECT OF THE LEVEL OF AWARENESS OF THE SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SMS) OF GROUND HANDLING OFFICERS BASED ON TRAINING DATA AT KOMODO LABUAN BAJO AIRPORT

Hadi Prayitno — 2025-12-23

Safety is a very important aspect in airport operations, especially for ground
handling officers who have a high risk of work accidents. The implementation of
the Safety Management System (SMS) is a system that must be understood and
applied by all personnel, especially through training. This study aims to determine
the influence of SMS awareness level on the work safety of ground handling
officers based on training data at Komodo Labuan Bajo Airport. This type of
research is quantitative with a causative associative approach. The sampling
technique used was purposive sampling with a total of 53 respondents from ground
handling officers. Data collection was carried out through observation and the
distribution of questionnaires. The instruments were tested for validity and
reliability, and the data were analyzed using simple linear regression and linearity
tests. The results showed that there was a very strong relationship between SMS
training and awareness level (ρ = 0.824) and there was a significant influence
between SMS awareness and occupational safety (significance value < 0.05). This
shows that training plays an important role in increasing awareness, and high
awareness has a positive impact on occupational safety behavior.

ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTENCE OF INSPECTION ROADS TO ENSURE FLIGHT SAFETY AND SECURITY AT THE BLU OFFICE OF THE MAIN CLASS 1 UPBU JUWATA TARAKAN

Siti Nurfadhilah — 2025-12-23

This research analyzes the existence and effectiveness of the inspection road in ensuring flight safety
and security at Juwata Tarakan Airport. The background to the problem is the inadequate inspection road
infrastructure, especially at the end of runway 06 which is still a swamp, thereby hindering perimeter fence
patrols and emergency response. The objective of this study is to evaluate the physical condition, supporting
facilities, and the role of the inspection road in airport security operations.

The method used is a qualitative approach with an interview technique involving three
Aviation Security (Avsec) personnel who work at Juwata Tarakan Airport. The results show that the existing
inspection roads do not meet the standards, and supporting facilities such as CCTV and lighting are not
complete. Nevertheless, the inspection road is considered very important and effective for perimeter patrols
and for accelerating emergency responses, especially in areas that are difficult to reach.

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that although the current inspection road supports
work at several points, it is still not optimal overall. The suggestions put forward are to immediately realize
the comprehensive construction of the inspection road, especially in the runway 06 area, improve supporting
infrastructure and facilities, and carry out periodic maintenance to ensure sustainable flight safety.

ANALYSIS OF THE FULFILLMENT OF AVIATION SECURITY FACILITIES IN THE OPERATION OF THE REGIONAL GOVERNMENT VIP BUILDING AT EL TARI KUPANG AIRPORT

Gracyel Abhellya Christine — 2025-12-23

Aviation security is a crucial aspect of airport operations. The condition of the El Tari Kupang Airport
RegionalGovernment VIP building, which has direct access to the apron area, and the lack of aviation security facilities
can pose risks to aviation safety and security. This research used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional study
design. The research method employed the Gap Analysis Checklist and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The
AHP method was used to determine the priority of mandatory security facilities, while the gap analysis method was used
to measure the level of compliance of existing facilities with Regulation KM 39 of 2024. The results of the research
indicate that the level of compliance is still low. Of all the indicators regulated, only four aspects meet the standards,
namely Hand Held Metal Detectors (HHMD), warning systems to mobile phones or management rooms, manual cabin
baggage inspection tables, and communication devices with security unit management. Meanwhile, the AHP analysis
identified the security facilities that should be available in the regionalgovernment VIP building based on the order of
eigenvector values: CCTV in the inspection area (0.1569), security facility testing equipment (0.1420), a multi-view
cabin X-ray machine with active TIP functionality (0.1363), Walk Through Metal Detector (WTMD) (0.1327), and Hand
Held Metal Detector (HHMD) (0.1087). This situation poses a serious potential risk to aviation safety. Although the
probability of the risk occurring is relatively low, the impact is very high, so immediate mitigation efforts are needed
through the improvement of facilities and security procedures in the regionalgovernment VIP building.

THE IMPACT OF IMPLEMENTATION THE HOLD BAGGAGE SECURITY CHECKPOINT (HBSCP) SYSTEM ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PASSENGER SERVICES AT RADIN INTEN II AIRPORT, LAMPUNG

Abiyyu Farras K — 2025-12-23

In the aviation industry, service improvements continue to evolve in response to increasingly complex
security challenges. Therefore, it is essential to innovate service methods that are not only more effective but
also comply with the latest security standards to protect airport facilities and ensure aviation safety. One of
the updated ground-side security facilities is the Security Check Point (SCP), now implemented based on
Ministerial Decree (KM) No. 39 of 2024, a revision of KM No. 211 of 2020 concerning the National Aviation
Security Program. This update aims to enhance the quality of service, particularly in the baggage screening
process for passengers at Radin Inten II Airport, Lampung. This study employs a correlational method with
a quantitative approach. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to passengers at Radin Inten
II Airport. The collected data were then analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics software version 26. The results
show a strong correlation between the implementation of the Hold Baggage Security Check Point (HBSCP)
system (variable X) and the effectiveness of passenger services (variable Y), as indicated by a correlation
coefficient of 0.781. This finding demonstrates that the HBSCP system, implemented in accordance with KM
No. 39 of 2024, significantly contributes to improving the effectiveness of passenger service delivery.

Study Analysis of the Factors Causing Minimal Apron-Side Supervision on the Performance of Apron Movement Control (AMC) Personnel at Haluoleo Kendari Class 1 Airport

Fortunata Dos Reis Pinto — 2025-12-23

Effective apron-side supervision is essential for maintaining operational safety and discipline at airports. This study
aims to identify and analyze the factors contributing to minimal supervision of Apron Movement Control (AMC)
personnel at Haluoleo Kendari Class 1 Airport. Inadequate oversight has been linked to increased operational
disruptions, reduced discipline, and irregular movements of aircraft and Ground Support Equipment (GSE). The urgency
of this research is driven by the need to align supervision practices with national aviation standards, particularly
Regulation No. KP 038 of 2017 issued by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation.
A qualitative descriptive method was applied, involving direct observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation
during an On the Job Training (OJT) program conducted from January to February 2025. Triangulation was used to
validate findings, focusing on the actual conditions faced by AMC personnel in executing apron supervision. The
analysis explored both structural and procedural aspects affecting oversight effectiveness.
The study identified four key challenges: the absence of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) systems for monitoring,
insufficient AMC staffing relative to apron size, weak coordination among supporting units such as ground handling,
and the lack of standardized supervision procedures. These limitations hinder effective oversight and compromise
safety. Recommendations include installing CCTV across the apron, increasing AMC personnel, improving inter-unit
coordination, updating procedures in line with KP 038/2017, and conducting regular training and briefings to enhance
apron operations.

Analysis of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Implementation Procedures in the Apron Movement Control (AMC) Unit at the Public Service Agency of Juwata Tarakan Class I Main Airport Operator

Dimas Arya Soeadyfa Fridyatama — 2025-12-23

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a crucial aspect of aviation operations, particularly in apron areas that carry a high level of risk. This study aims to analyze the implementation procedures of OHS at the Apron Movement Control (AMC) Unit of Juwata Airport, Tarakan, and to evaluate their effectiveness in creating a safe working environment.This research employs a descriptive qualitative method using data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that, in general, OHS procedures have been implemented by AMC personnel; however, the implementation has not been optimal. Violations in the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), limited safety facilities, and inadequate supervision of hazards such as Foreign Object Debris (FOD) were still found. Although personnel awareness and understanding of OHS are considered fairly good, they are not yet evenly distributed. Efforts to improve discipline, such as training, regular briefings, and the imposition of sanctions, have been carried out, but supervision and evaluation still need to be strengthened.This study recommends increasing the quantity and equitable distribution of PPE, continuous training programs, and strengthening a culture of safety in the workplace. With appropriate short-term and long-term strategies, the implementation of OHS in the AMC Unit is expected to become more effective and consistent.

The Effect of Barrier Fence on Airside Security at Komodo International Airport

Andrian Herwanto Herwanto — 2025-12-23

Airside security at airports is a crucial aspect in supporting the safety and smooth operation of flight activities. One of the key elements in this security system is the perimeter fence. This study aims to analyze the influence of perimeter fence conditions on airside security at Komodo International Airport in Labuan Bajo. Based on field observations, it was found that the airport's perimeter fencing does not fully comply with the standards set out in PM 167 of 2015 and KP 601 of 2015. Several issues were identified, such as gaps in the fence, uneven height, lack of barbed wire, poor lighting and CCTV coverage, and incomplete inspection pathways.Interviews with Aviation Security (AVSEC) personnel revealed that the suboptimal condition of the perimeter fence is a major challenge in conducting security surveillance and patrols. Questionnaire results from 49 respondents also supported thisfinding, with the majority agreeing that the perimeter fence condition affects the level of airside security. The results of a simple linear regression analysis showed a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.826 or 82.6%, with a significance value of < 0.05, indicating a statistically significant influence between the condition of the perimeter fence and airside security.Therefore, this study concludes that improvements and regular maintenance of the perimeter fence are essential to strengthen airside security systems and minimize the risks of intrusion, sabotage, or the entry of wild animals into restricted flight operation areas.

Bird Strike-Induced Go-Around and Recorder Outage Leading to Gear-Up Landing and Runway Overrun: Case Study of Jeju Air Flight 7C2216 (HL8088) at Muan International Airport

Erdiana Finda Ramadhani — 2025-12-23

Bird strikes remain a significant aviation hazard, particularly during critical flight phases such as approach, landing, and go-around. This study investigates the Jeju Air flight HL8088 accident on 29 December 2024 at Muan International Airport. The primary aim is to analyze the bird strike event and its consequences, contextualizing the accident within existing safety models. A qualitative case study approach was employed, utilizing accident reports, flight data reconstruction, and literature reviews on bird strike risks and their operational impacts. The findings reveal that the bird strike during the go-around severely damaged the aircraft, causing the landing gear to remain retracted and leading to a belly landing, runway overrun, and a post-crash fire that resulted in 179 fatalities. The accident underscores the heightened danger of bird strikes during take-off, landing, and go-arounds, as well as the compounded effects of secondary incidents. This case highlights the urgent need for improved bird strike management, more resilient aircraft design, and enhanced pilot training to mitigate future risks.

ANALYSIS OF AVIATION SECURITY PERSONNEL IN ASSESSING PASSENGER UNDERSTANDING OF PROHIBITED ITEMS AT ADI SOEMARMO AIRPORT

Falah Hanun Qatrunnada Qatrunnada — 2025-12-23

Aviation security at airports is crucial to ensure air travel's safety and smooth operation. One of the key factors in maintaining security is passengers' understanding of prohibited items not allowed onboard. This study analyses the perceptions of Aviation Security (AVSEC) personnel at Adi Soemarmo Airport regarding passengers' understanding of prohibited items. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with structured interviews and observations at the Passenger Security Check Point (PSCP). The findings show that passengers' understanding is still low, with many unaware that items such as lighters, scissors, and liquids exceeding the prescribed limit are prohibited. This leads to delays in the screening process and long queues. As an innovation, digital pamphlets and QR codes have been introduced to enhance passenger awareness.

INFLUENCE OF SAFETY PROMOTION ON WORK SAFETY FOR TENANT PERSONNEL IN THE TERMINAL AREA OF MINANGKABAU INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Muh. Andy Putra Pratama Imran — 2025-12-23

This study aims to determine the effect of safety promotion on occupational safety for tenant
personnel in the Minangkabau International Airport terminal area. This study uses a quantitative
approach with a descriptive method. Data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires
to 38 respondents, who were representatives from each active tenant in the terminal area. The
instruments used were validated and tested for reliability, then analyzed using the KolmogorovSmirnov normality test, Pearson correlation test, and simple linear regression test with the
assistance of SPSS version 25. The results of the study indicate that safety promotion has a positive
and significant effect on workplace safety. This is evidenced by a constant value of 4.338, a
regression coefficient of 1.157, a calculated t-value of 9.261, and a significance level of 0.000,
indicating that the effect is statistically significant. The R Square value of 0.704 indicates that
70.4% of the workplace safety variable is influenced by the safety promotion variable.

A STUDY OF CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AS A TOOL TO ENSURE SUSTAINABLE AIRPORT SAFETY MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY AT MINANGKABAU INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Reyhan Fazle Mawla — 2025-12-23

This study aims to examine climate change adaptation as a strategy in sustainable airport safety management, with a
case study of Minangkabau International Airport (BIM), a major air transportation infrastructure on the west coast of
Indonesia. Environmental protection and aviation safety are important priorities to ensure the sustainability of airport
operations. This study conducted a comprehensive risk assessment of the impacts of climate change, both direct and
indirect, on BIM operations. The method used was a descriptive qualitative case study approach, through analysis of
historical climate documents and future climate projections, field observations, and semi-structured interviews with
management and relevant agencies. The results indicate that BIM faces risks from extreme temperatures, high rainfall,
and changing wind patterns that have the potential to disrupt infrastructure and operational safety. Identified vulnerable
points include drainage systems, early warning systems, and infrastructure resilience. Several adaptation measures have
been implemented, but their integration into the Safety Management System (SMS) is still not optimal. This study
produces short- and medium-term adaptation recommendations to strengthen airport resilience, which are expected to
serve as a strategic reference for managers in anticipating the challenges of climate change.

Design and build IoT-based noise monitoring and analysis tools in hangars Aviation Polytechnic

Ajeng Wulansari — 2025-12-23

Noise in aircraft hangars is a crucial problem in the aviation industry that can threaten the health, safety, and productivity of workers. The Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic hangar, especially the Diploma 3 Aircraft Engineering program, produces high noise levels due to aircraft engine maintenance and testing activities that have the potential to endanger students, technicians, and instructors. This research aims to design and build an Internet of Things (IoT)-based noise monitoring system that is able to detect, monitor, and analyze noise levels in real-time at the AMTO 147D-10 Hangar of the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic. The research method used an experimental approach with prototype development that integrated the FC-04 sound sensor, ESP32 microcontroller, 128x64 pixel OLED display, and a web-based monitoring platform using Node.js. The system is designed with portable dimensions of 21.5 x 14.5 x 8.5 cm and utilizes Wi-Fi, HTTP, and WebSocket communication protocols for data transmission to cloud servers. The test was carried out
at three measurement points with a distance of 1 meter, 3 meters, and 5 meters from the noise source in the form of a grinding machine, then the results were compared with the standard Sound Level Meter of the Blue Gizmo BG325 brand. The results showed that the system had very high accuracy with an accuracy percentage of 99.293%-99.882% at a distance of 1 meter with an error rate of 0.118%-0.707%, an accuracy of 98.583%-99.527% with an error of 0.473%- 1.417% at a distance of 3 meters, and an accuracy of 95.970%-96.786% with an error of 3.214%-4.030% at a distance
of 5 meters. The measured noise level ranges from 81.17-84.43 dB which is close to the safe threshold of 85 dB according to OSHA standards and the Minister of Manpower Regulation No. 5 of 2018. The system provides an effective solution for continuous noise monitoring with early warning features, real-time data visualization, and historical data storage that support strategic decision-making in occupational safety and health management in aviation vocational
education environments.

Aeromodeling System Design as an Identifier Receiver in Navigation Equipment

Sukarwoto — 2025-12-23

The aeromodeling system design as an ident receiver on navigation equipment at the Makassar Aviation Polytechnic
focuses on the reception of ident transmissions (Receiver) on aircraft for NDB simulations and monitoring of ident signals transmitted to remote control aircraft located in different places from the signal transmission. This is intended
to support educational facilities in the learning and teaching activities of cadets at the Makassar Aviation Polytechnic,
to broaden their knowledge and is expected to be further developed in the future. From the simulation conducted, it can
be seen how the device works as an Ident receiver simulation, where the Ident signal is transmitted using FM frequency
to the aircraft and transmitted back to the ground so that it can be monitored whether the aircraft receives the Ident
transmission or not. The testing of this design consists of several stages, starting from testing each supporting component to testing the entire system. From the test results, the performance of each program forming the design system that interacts with each other can be analyzed, thus forming the design of the receiver system in aeromodeling as an Ident receiver for navigation equipment for learning.

Risk Analysis of Aircraft Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) Project Delays Using a Fuzzy Logic Approach

Mochamad Auliya Rasyid — 2025-12-23

The aircraft MRO business is high-risk, particularly in terms of project delay for any reason such as workload limitation
and acquisition of materials. This challenge is reflected in PT Garuda Maintenance Facility AeroAsia Tbk 2023 annual
report performance where Service Level Agreement (SLA) realization was only 96.05% from the target of 100% and
Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) was 3.97, which is slightly off the target of 4.00. Subjective in nature, traditional risk
analyses are. This study aims to objectively identify and quantify risk factors causing delay of MRO projects and
formulate risk treatment plans. The methodology integrates expert interviews with fuzzy set theory for the quantification
of qualitative data and is organized with the use of the ISO 31000 risk management standard. From analysis of 20 risk
variables, it was determined that material-related problems are the most prevalent cause of delay. In particular, material
delivery delay (R09) was the most critical with a risk score of 89.31%, followed by equipment damage and limitations
(R02) and warehouse material shortages (R11). These results reflect the high-risk operating conditions for MRO projects
where 75% of the risks were "High" in classification. The study concludes fuzzy logic application was successful in
quantifying subjective expert views, being a more objective and nuanced basis on which to rank the risks than
conventional methods. The ultimate risk ranking serves as an important tool for management with which to develop
targeted risk treatment programs, highlighting improving supply chain control, improving equipment reliability, and
streamlining workload manpower planning in the aim of achieving SLA and overall operational efficiency
improvements.

Energy Absorption Evaluation of Auxetic Structure on Leading Edge Using Polycarbonate 3D Printing in Quasi-Static Lateral Load Test

Fariel Alfath Hibatulloh — 2025-12-23

This study evaluates the energy absorption capability of 3D-printed polycarbonate auxetic structures applied to the
leading edge of an aircraft. Three configurations were tested: triangle (A), half circle (B), and rectangle (C), through
quasi-static lateral load tests with key parameters: energy absorption (EA), specific energy absorption (SEA), initial
peak force (IPF), mean force (MF), and crush force efficiency (CFE). The test results show that the triangle structure
(A) excels with an EA of 99.08 J, IPF of 40.41 Kn, MF ranging from 12.30 to 13.03 Kn, CFE of 34.078 Kn, and SEA
of 1.738 J/kg. The half circle structure (B) shows a significant improvement in the second test, while the rectangle (C)
tends to be stable but declining. Compared to the conventional honeycomb (EA ~59 J, IPF 6–8 Kn, MF 3–4 Kn), the
triangle structure increases energy absorption by up to 68% and provides an initial resistance 5–6 times greater. These
findings demonstrate the potential of auxetic structures, particularly the triangle geometry, as an innovative design to
enhance the crashworthiness of aircraft leading edges.

Case Study: Analysis of ATC Tower Infrastructure at Nicolau Lobato International Airport, Timor-Leste

Laila Rocmawati — 2025-12-23

This study aims to analyze the feasibility of the Air Traffic Control (ATC) Tower infrastructure at Presidente Nicolau
Lobato International Airport, Timor-Leste. A qualitative approach with a case study method was employed, involving
in-depth interviews with three sources consisting of ATC personnel and supervisors, as well as direct on-site
observation. The findings indicate that the ATC Tower infrastructure does not fully meet the required standards, particularly in terms of visibility, ventilation, lighting, and the absence of an emergency evacuation route. Supporting
work facilities remain limited, including rest areas and safety equipment. Additionally, some communication and
navigation systems are not yet integrated with modern technology, affecting operational efficiency. Therefore, comprehensive improvements are needed ranging from physical building renovations and the provision of adequate
support facilities to the modernization of work systems to enhance safety and the effectiveness of ATC personnel in
the future.

The Use of High Frequency Radio on Aircraft Operating in the Uncontrolled Airspace of Sam Ratulangi International Airport Manado

Jihan Nafila Timami — 2025-12-23

High Frequency (HF) radio remains essential for maintaining two-way communication between pilots and air
traffic controllers, particularly in uncontrolled airspace beyond the reach of Very High Frequency (VHF) signals.
This communication is critical for flight safety, especially for small aircraft operating in remote or transoceanic
areas around Sam Ratulangi International Airport, Manado. However, some aircraft are still operating without HF
equipment, posing potential hazards to other flights within the responsibility of Ujung Pandang FIC Makassar
Sector. This study aims to examine the use of HF radio by aircraft operating in uncontrolled airspace around Sam
Ratulangi International Airport and its impact on flight safety and traffic flow. A qualitative research approach
was applied, with data collected through field observation, in-depth interviews with Air Traffic Control (ATC)
personnel at Perum LPPNPI Manado Branch, and documentation of operational procedures and regulations
regarding HF radio usage. The findings indicate that HF radio remains a primary and backup communication tool
in areas beyond VHF coverage. The main challenges include poor audio quality and frequent interference.
Moreover, some aircraft still lack HF radios, highlighting the need for stricter equipment standards and regulatory
socialization to enhance aviation safety in the region.

ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF THE APRON MOVEMENT CONTROL UNIT IN MAINTAINING THE CLEANLINESS OF THE APRON AREA AT ADI SOEMARMO BOYOLALI AIRPORT

Rizqy Akbar Nur Pratama Nur Pratama — 2025-12-23

Cleanliness in the airport apron area is one of the important aspects in ensuring the safety and efficiency of flight operations. This research aims to analyze the role of the Apron Movement Control (AMC) unit in maintaining the cleanliness of the apron area at Adi Soemarmo Boyolali Airport. The main focus of this research includes handling oil spills and Foreign Object Debris (FOD) in the apron area.

The research method used by the author uses a qualitative descriptive method. In this study the authors used data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The author's data analysis technique uses data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing.

The results showed that the AMC unit has the responsibility of monitoring, reporting, and handling hygiene problems in the apron area. AMC personnel have a significant role in supporting the smooth operation of flights by maintaining the cleanliness of the apron area optimally and following Standard Operating Procedures (SOP).

Analysis of Corrosion Rate on Cessna 420 Upper Wing (Aluminum Alloy 2024-T3) with Lime Peel Extract and Sodium Chromate Inhibitors in Marine Air at the Polytechnic Aviation Hangar in Makassar

Hendri Louis Latif — 2025-12-23

Corrosion in aircraft materials, particularly in wing structures, poses significant challenges to maintenance, especially
in environments containing sea air. This study analyzes the corrosion rate on the upper wing of a Cessna 420, made of
Aluminum Alloy 2024-T3, using two corrosion inhibitors: sodium chromate (chemical) and lime peel extract (natural).
The experiment was conducted over 21 days using the weight loss method in a simulated sea air environment. Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM), tensile testing, and bending tests were performed to evaluate surface morphology and
mechanical properties. Results indicated that both inhibitors effectively reduced corrosion, with sodium chromate
providing a more uniform protective layer and showing superior performance in mechanical tests. Lime peel extract,
although less effective in terms of surface protection, demonstrated better tensile strength. These findings suggest that
lime peel extract could serve as an eco-friendly alternative for corrosion inhibition in aerospace applications.

The Design of a Badminton Score Board Based on IoT Using ESP32 at Aviation Polytechnic of Surabaya

Sari Nastiti Nalurita — 2025-12-23

The development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology open sup opportunities for innovation in various fields,
including sports. This research aims to design and implement a badminton scoreboard system using IoT technology
with an ESP32 microcontroller connected to the Blynk Application. The system enables wireless score recording via a
smartphone and displays the results directly on a P10 LED panel. Currently, the manual scoreboard still used at the Civil
Aviation Polytechnic of Surabaya is inefficient and prone to errors during score recording in matches. To address this,
the research adopts the 4D development method there are Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The define stage
involves needs analysis, including data collection and interviews. The design stage focuses on planning the system,
covering both hardware and software components. The develop stage implements the design, including component
selection, software development, and system validation to ensure feasibility and functionality. And the last one is the
Disseminate stage involves distributing the tested product to users and relevant stakeholders. The results of this study
indicate that the IoT-based badminton match scoreboard is able to meet the needs of an interactive digital scoreboard
for badminton matches at the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic with validation results by sports experts showing that this
product is very feasible to use based on assessment aspects including technical, economic, legal, operational, and
scheduling (TELOS) aspects of 95% and validation results by users with an assessment of 85%. This research
contributes significantly to the institution by supporting the development of campus infrastructure and enhancing the
quality of sports facilities. For the wider community, the system serves as a model for implementing accessible and
affordable IoT-based technology to modernize local sports environments.

DESIGN OF AN ANDROID-BASED AIRSIDE FACILITY INSPECTION APPLICATION AT H. ASAN SAMPIT AIRPORT IN CENTRAL KALIMANTAN

Bagus Dayana Mikdam — 2025-12-23

H.Asan Airport in Sampit, Central Kalimantan, plays a strategic role in supporting regional air transportation. The
current manual inspection system for airside facilities has several limitations, including vulnerability to human error
and inefficiency in data recording. This study aims to design an Android-based inspection application to improve the
accuracy, reliability, and efficiency of daily airside facility inspections. The research uses the waterfall development
method and employs MIT App Inventor, integrated with Google Sheets and Firebase, to create a user-friendly and real
time data processing system. The resulting application enables faster data recording, supports decision-making, and
helps maintain airside safety and cleanliness. The application has undergone functional testing using black-box methods
and proven successful in all intended functions.

Design And Development Of A Smart Door Security System Prototype Using Passcode And Voice Authentication Based On Arduino Uno Microcontroller In Integration Lab Of Civil Aviation Polytechnic of Surabaya

Dwi Angger Lailatul Rif’a — 2025-12-23

This study aims to develop and test a prototype smart door security system based on the Arduino Uno microcontroller
with dual authentication that combines a Personal Identification Number (PIN) and voice recognition, referring to the
modern security consensus that multi-factor authentication can significantly improve protection against illegal access
compared to single methods. The PIN is used as knowledge-based verification, while voice recognition serves as
biometric verification that is difficult to forge. This study also identifies the needs of users in educational laboratories
for an efficient and user-friendly modern security system, designs a prototype with a user-friendly interface, and
measures performance through testing of PIN accuracy, voice recognition accuracy, as well as tolerance for input
variations and repetition. The method used was the prototype method, starting with needs identification (89.6% of
respondents stated they needed this system), system design with components such as Arduino Uno, 4x4 Keypad, Voice
Recognition Module V3, 16x2 LCD, relay module, and solenoid door lock, prototype creation using Arduino IDE,
functional testing, and validation of feasibility by two experts who scored it at 95.83%. Test results showed 100% PIN
accuracy and 72% voice recognition accuracy, consistent with previous research indicating accuracy levels of 65–80%
on low-cost devices. The system also proved tolerant to input variations and repetitions without performance degradation. Overall, this study demonstrates that an Arduino Uno-based dual authentication system can serve as a low-
cost, effective, and easily integrable security solution for laboratories or other confined spaces in educational environments.

THE INFLUENCE OF SURVEILLANCE USING CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION (CCTV) ON AIRSIDE SAFETY AT BLU UPBU CLASS I UTAMA JUWATA TARAKAN

Ni Luh Putu Pramesthi Aryaswari — 2025-12-23

This study aims to analyze the influence of surveillance using Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) on the safety
of the airside area at Juwata Tarakan Airport. The focus of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the CCTV
surveillance system in supporting safety operations, particularly in the apron area. This study was conducted due to
existing limitations in the coverage and quality of CCTV, which potentially reduce the optimization of surveillance. The
research method used is descriptive quantitative, with data collected through observation and questionnaires. The
respondents consisted of 88 personnel from Apron Movement Control (AMC) and Aviation Security (AVSEC), selected
using a saturated sampling technique. Data were analyzed using validity and reliability tests, simple linear regression,
and t-test.The results showed that CCTV had a significant influence on the safety of the airside area, with a coefficient
of determination (R²) of 89.9%. The t-test value (19.080 > 1.662) and a significance level of 0.000 (< 0.05) confirm a
positive relationship between the two variables. The conclusion of this study is that CCTV surveillance has a significant
impact on improving airside security. However, its effectiveness is still hindered by limitations in the number of cameras,
areas not yet covered, and technical disruptions. Therefore, it is recommended to increase the number of CCTV units,
improve device quality, and conduct periodic evaluations to maximize the surveillance function. These findings can
serve as a reference for airport management in enhancing the security system.

PROTOTYPE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN IOT-BASED ELECTRONIC DEVICE MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM AT BAITUL MARIFAH MOSQUE POLTEKBANG SURABAYA USING A WEBSITE INTERFACE

Ade Irfansyah — 2025-12-23

Electrical energy usage in mosques is often inefficiently controlled due to the lack of an integrated automatic monitoring
and control system. This results in power wastage and difficulty in managing electronic devices that operate for long
periods of time. To address these issues, this study aims to design and build an Internet of Things (IoT)-based electronic
device monitoring and control system that is integrated with a website interface and can be accessed in real time. This
system is designed to support the implementation of the smart mosque concept through energy efficiency and electricity
management automation. The study uses a 4D (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) R&D model approach, by
integrating an ESP32 microcontroller, a PZEM-004T sensor to measure electrical parameters (Voltage, current, power,
and energy), and Firebase as a cloud-based data communication platform. Testing is carried out by assessing the
validator to transmit data readings and device control stability via the website. The results show that the system is able
to provide current, Voltage, and power data readings in accordance with field data compared to standard measuring
instruments in the form of a Clampmeter and performs control functions responsively and stably. This research provides
a practical contribution in the development of a cost-effective and easy-to-implement system for digitalizing energy
management in mosques, as well as being the first step towards implementing IoT-based micro-scale smart building
technology .

COMPARISON OF EPOXY CARBON FIBER COMPOSITE LAMINATION IN TERMS OF BENDING STRENGTH AND HARDNESS

Katon Bayu Rahmadewa — 2025-12-23

The purpose of this research is to examine how variations in the number of layers (2, 4, 6, and 8) influence the
outcomes and fiber orientation (0°/90° and 45°/45°) in carbon fiber–epoxy composites on flexural strength and hardness.
Specimens were manufactured using the vacuum bagging method based on ASTM D790 standards, resulting in dense
laminates with minimal voids. The tests were conducted by applying the three-point bending technique to evaluate
flexural strength and the Vickers hardness test to determine surface hardness levels.
The results show that the 45°/45° fiber orientation generally outperforms the 0°/90° orientation. The greatest
resistance to flexural stress value of 1221.29 MPa was obtained from the 45°/45° orientation with 8 layers, while the
lowest value of 467.83 MPa was recorded for the 0°/90° orientation with 2 layers. In the Vickers hardness test, the
highest value of 95.6 HV was also achieved by the 45°/45° orientation with 8 layers, while the lowest value of 78.5 HV
was recorded for the 0°/90° orientation with 2 layers. Overall, increasing layer count led to a notable enhancement in
improved both the strength and hardness of the composite.
Based on these findings, the 45°/45° fiber orientation with more than four layers is recommended for usages
that demand exceptional durability and strong resistance to mechanical stress to multidirectional loads. The vacuum
bagging method proved effective in producing high-quality composites with consistent mechanical properties. It is
anticipated that this research will contribute as a reference in the design process and manufacturing of composites,
particularly in the aerospace, automotive, and other industries requiring lightweight, strong, and durable materials.

Design of a Web-Based Hazard E-Report Application Using the Laravel Framework at Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic

Lydia Cascadia — 2025-12-23

Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic is a vocational higher education institution equipped with various facilities such as
classrooms, laboratories, and dormitories to support the academic and non-academic activities of cadets. However, the
current manual reporting system for facility damage poses several problems, including delays in handling, lack of
centralized documentation, and limited transparency in report status. To address these issues, this study aims to design
and develop a web-based e-report hazard application using the Laravel framework. The study adopts the ADDIE
(Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) development model as a systematic approach. The
system design uses the Unified Modeling Language (UML), while the application evaluation is conducted using the
User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). The application is developed using the PHP programming language and tested
based on user feedback. The result is a web application that allows cadets to submit hazard reports accompanied by
photo/video evidence, with automatic notifications sent to hazard officers (PJ Hazard) and dormitory supervisors.
Additionally, the system enables users to track the status of repairs and facilitates audits by relevant authorities. Based
on the evaluation results, the application has proven to be effective and efficient in improving the speed and transparency
of the reporting process. Therefore, this application is expected to be implemented.

Designing a Prototype Intrusion Detection System Based on YOLO V5 at Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic

Sony Setyawan — 2025-12-23

Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic requires a more efficient and responsive surveillance system
to maintain campus security, particularly in perimeter areas prone to unauthorized access.
Currently, the surveillance system relies on conventional CCTV cameras that require manual
monitoring by security personnel, resulting in limitations in detecting incidents in real-time. This
research aims to develop a prototype of an automatic intrusion detection system based on cameras
and the YOLOv5 object detection algorithm. The system is designed to directly detect the presence
of humans and non-human objects through video footage from the cameras. Detected objects are
marked using bounding boxes, and the system distinguishes whether the object is human or not. If
the detected object is human, the system activates a buzzer via an ESP32 microcontroller as a
warning notification. This research adopts a prototype approach, including stages of needs
identification, system design, hardware and software development, and functional system testing.
Testing was conducted using a dataset containing 500 human images and 500 non-human images
to train the detection model. The test results show that the system can automatically detect
intrusions, but it still has limitations in terms of accuracy, detection speed, and notification
effectiveness. Therefore, the system still requires further development.

Active Cell Balancing Design Integrated With SoC Estimator In Lithium-Ion Batteries

Arif Devi Dwipayana — 2025-12-23

The reliability and safety of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicle applications significantly depend on accurate State
of Charge (SOC) estimation and effective cell balancing mechanisms. This study proposes the design of an active cell
balancing system integrated with an SOC estimator to improve the performance, lifespan, and thermal stability of
lithium-ion battery packs. The research adopts a Research and Development (R&D) approach, involving both hardware
and software design. The hardware utilizes an Arduino-based control system to monitor individual cell voltages,
temperature, and current, while the software implements an algorithm for active energy redistribution among cells to
achieve real-time balance. A 4S1P lithium-ion battery pack (3.7V/2500mAh per cell) was developed and experimentally
tested. The results demonstrate that the integrated active balancing system effectively minimizes voltage deviation
between cells and maintains uniform SOC levels, reducing overcharge and overdischarge conditions. Consequently, the
proposed system enhances energy utilization efficiency and extends the operational life of the battery. The integration
of SOC estimation into the active balancing control loop offers a promising approach for intelligent Battery Management
System (BMS) design in electric mobility and renewable energy storage applications.

DEPLOYMENT DETEKSI KEMATANGAN BUAH KELAPA SAWIT BERBASIS YOLOV11 DENGAN ONNX RUNTIME DAN STREMLIT

Iqbal Ramadhan Anniswa — 2025-12-23

Kelapa Sawit merupakan komoditas strategis di Indonesia yang menjadi salah satu
sumber devisa utama. Tingkat kematangan buah kelapa sawit sangat berpengaruh
terhadap kualitas minyak yang dihasilkan, sehingga diperlukan metode yang cepat,
tepat, dan konsisten untuk mendeteksi tingkat kematangan buah. Dalam metedo
Konversional masih mengandalkan pengamatan visual oleh pekerja lapangan sering
bersifat subjektif dan tidak efesien.Dengan hal tersebut,penelitian ini mengusulkan
penerapan model object detection berbasis YOLOv11 untuk mendeteksi
kematangan buah kelapa sawit. Model YOLOv11 dipilih karena memiliki
keunggulan dalam kecepatan inferensi dan akurasi deteksi pada objek kecil maupun
kompleks. Untuk memfasilitasi penggunaan di lingkungan produksi,Model yang
telah dilatih dikonversi ke format ONNX dan dijalankan menggunakan ONNX
Runtime agar memperoleh perfoma inferensi yang lebih optimal pada sumber daya
terbatas. Selanjutnya, aplikasi antarmuka berbasis Streamlit dikembangkan untuk
memudahkan pengguna dalam mengunggah gambar atau video dan memperoleh
hasil deteksi secara real-time. Diharapkan, sistem ini mampu memberikan solusi
praktis, efisien, dan akurat dalam mendukung proses panen buah kelapa sawit.